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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a descriptive study.

TLDR
A novel bat-borne CoV was identified that is associated with severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans and the amino acid sequence of the tentative receptor-binding domain resembles that of SARS-CoV, indicating that these viruses might use the same receptor.
Abstract
Background: Human infections with zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, have raised great public health concern globally. Here, we report a novel bat-origin CoV causing severe and fatal pneumonia in humans. Methods: We collected clinical data and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from five patients with severe pneumonia from Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Nucleic acids of the BAL were extracted and subjected to next-generation sequencing. Virus isolation was carried out, and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed. Results: Five patients hospitalized from December 18 to December 29, 2019 presented with fever, cough, and dyspnea accompanied by complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest radiography revealed diffuse opacities and consolidation. One of these patients died. Sequence results revealed the presence of a previously unknown β-CoV strain in all five patients, with 99.8–99.9% nucleotide identities among the isolates. These isolates showed 79.0% nucleotide identity with the sequence of SARS-CoV (GenBank NC_004718) and 51.8% identity with the sequence of MERS-CoV (GenBank NC_019843). The virus is phylogenetically closest to a bat SARS-like CoV (SL-ZC45, GenBank MG772933) with 87.6–87.7% nucleotide identity, but is in a separate clade. Moreover, these viruses have a single intact open reading frame gene 8, as a further indicator of bat-origin CoVs. However, the amino acid sequence of the tentative receptor-binding domain resembles that of SARS-CoV, indicating that these viruses might use the same receptor. Conclusion: A novel bat-borne CoV was identified that is associated with severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans. Key words: Bat-origin; Coronavirus; Zoonotic transmission; Pneumonia; Etiology; Next-generation sequencing

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Novel Stem Cells and Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccine Trials Against Viral Outbreak: A Systematic Evaluation During COVID-2019 Pandemic.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia

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Journal ArticleDOI

Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses

TL;DR: The viral factors that enabled the emergence of diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome are explored and the diversity and potential of bat-borne coronaviruses are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI

SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses

TL;DR: The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 marked the second introduction of a highly pathogenic coronav virus into the human population in the twenty-first century, and the current state of development of measures to combat emerging coronaviruses is discussed.
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