Journal ArticleDOI
The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment
Richard H. Moss,Jae Edmonds,Kathy Hibbard,Martin R. Manning,Steven K. Rose,Detlef P. van Vuuren,Timothy R. Carter,Seita Emori,Mikiko Kainuma,Tom Kram,Gerald A. Meehl,John F. B. Mitchell,Nebojsa Nakicenovic,Nebojsa Nakicenovic,Keywan Riahi,Steven J. Smith,Ronald J. Stouffer,Allison M. Thomson,John P. Weyant,Thomas J. Wilbanks +19 more
TLDR
A new process for creating plausible scenarios to investigate some of the most challenging and important questions about climate change confronting the global community is described.Abstract:
Advances in the science and observation of climate change are providing a clearer understanding of the inherent variability of Earth's climate system and its likely response to human and natural influences. The implications of climate change for the environment and society will depend not only on the response of the Earth system to changes in radiative forcings, but also on how humankind responds through changes in technology, economies, lifestyle and policy. Extensive uncertainties exist in future forcings of and responses to climate change, necessitating the use of scenarios of the future to explore the potential consequences of different response options. To date, such scenarios have not adequately examined crucial possibilities, such as climate change mitigation and adaptation, and have relied on research processes that slowed the exchange of information among physical, biological and social scientists. Here we describe a new process for creating plausible scenarios to investigate some of the most challenging and important questions about climate change confronting the global community.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
How should robustness be defined for water systems planning under change
TL;DR: This paper proposed a taxonomy of robustness frameworks to compare and contrast these approaches based on their methods of alternative generation, sampling of states of the world, quantifying robustness measures, and sensitivity analysis to identify important uncertainties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Woody biomass production lags stem-girth increase by over one month in coniferous forests
Henri E. Cuny,Henri E. Cuny,Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber,Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber,David Frank,Patrick Fonti,Harri Mäkinen,Peter Prislan,Sergio Rossi,Sergio Rossi,Edurne Martínez del Castillo,Filipe Campelo,Hanuš Vavrčík,J. Julio Camarero,Marina V. Bryukhanova,Marina V. Bryukhanova,Tuula Jyske,Jožica Gričar,Vladimír Gryc,Martin de Luis,Joana Vieira,Katarina Čufar,Alexander V. Kirdyanov,Alexander V. Kirdyanov,Walter Oberhuber,Václav Treml,Jianguo Huang,Xiaoxia Li,Irene Swidrak,Annie Deslauriers,Eryuan Liang,Pekka Nöjd,Andreas Gruber,Cristina Nabais,Hubert Morin,Cornelia Krause,Gregory King,Meriem Fournier,Meriem Fournier +38 more
TL;DR: High-resolution cellular based measurements of wood formation dynamics in three coniferous forest sites in northeastern France are presented and it is suggested that forecasted changes in the annual cycle of climatic factors may shift the phase timing of stem size increase and woody biomass production in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Expert assessment of vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change
Edward A. G. Schuur,Benjamin W. Abbott,William B. Bowden,Victor Brovkin,P. Camill,Josep G. Canadell,Jeffrey P. Chanton,F. S. Chapin,Torben R. Christensen,Philippe Ciais,Benjamin T. Crosby,Claudia I. Czimczik,Guido Grosse,Jennifer W. Harden,Daniel J. Hayes,Gustaf Hugelius,Julie D. Jastrow,Jeremy B. Jones,Thomas Kleinen,Charles D. Koven,Gerhard Krinner,Peter Kuhry,David M. Lawrence,A. D. McGuire,Susan M. Natali,Jonathan A. O'Donnell,Chien-Lu Ping,William J. Riley,Annette Rinke,Vladimir E. Romanovsky,A. B. K. Sannel,Christina Schädel,Kevin Schaefer,Jasper Sky,Z. M. Subin,Charles Tarnocai,Merritt R. Turetsky,Mark P. Waldrop,K. M. Walter Anthony,Kimberly P. Wickland,Cathy J. Wilson,Sergei Zimov +41 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a survey to quantify variability in the perception of the vulnerability of permafrost C to climate change and found that approximately 1700 Pg of soil carbon (C) are stored in the northern circumpolar permafure zone, more than twice as much C than in the atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
(Micro)plastic crisis: Un-ignorable contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions and climate change
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of plastic pollution on greenhouse gas emission and climate change. But they focused on the toxicity, behavior and fate of plastic waste, and only limited attention was paid on the greenhouse gas emissions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate System Response to External Forcings and Climate Change Projections in CCSM4
Gerald A. Meehl,Warren M. Washington,Julie M. Arblaster,Aixue Hu,Haiyan Teng,Claudia Tebaldi,Benjamin M. Sanderson,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Andrew Conley,Warren G. Strand,James B White Iii +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) was used to compare the last 20 years of the twenty-first century compared to the 1986-2005 reference period for six-member ensembles.
References
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Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
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