Georgia College & State University

About: Georgia College & State University is a education organization based out in Milledgeville, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 950 authors who have published 1591 publications receiving 37027 citations.

Movement of Certain Herbicides Following Application to Simulated Golf Course Greens and Fairways

Abstract: The objectives of this research were to: (i) determine the movement of pesticides through simulated golf course greens and (ii) determine the potential movement of pesticides from simulated fairways. Lysimeters were developed in the greenhouse and outside containing 'Penncross' bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) or 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] for collection of leachate from the bases. Simulated 'Tifway' bermudagrass fairways were developed with a 5% slope. Only small quantities of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid), and mecoprop [(±)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-propanoic acid] were found in the leachate from the greenhouse and outside lysimeters. The concentrations of these herbicides did not exceed 6 μg L -1 and the total quantity to exit the lysimeters was less than 0.9% of the applied herbicide. Over an 8-d period following treatment, 48% of the simulated rainfall and 9, 14, and 13% of the applied 2,4-D, dicamba, and mecoprop, respectively, left the simulated fairways. Approximately 75% of the herbicides were transported from the plots during the first rainfall event. The highest concentration of the analytes in the collected runoff water occurred during the first event. These concentrations were 811, 279, and 820 μg L -1 2,4-D, dicamba, and mecoprop, respectively.

Local benchmarks for the evolution of major-merger galaxies—spitzer observations of a k-band selected sample

Abstract: We present Spitzer observations for a sample of close major-merger galaxy pairs (KPAIR sample) selected from cross-matches between the Two Micron All Sky Survey and Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 3. The goals are to study the star formation activity in these galaxies and to set a local bench mark for the cosmic evolution of close major mergers. The Spitzer KPAIR sample (27 pairs, 54 galaxies) includes all spectroscopically confirmed spiral-spiral (S+S) and spiral-elliptical (S+E) pairs in a parent sample that is complete for primaries brighter than K = 12.5 mag, projected separations of 5 h^(–1) kpc ≤ s ≤ 20 h^(–1) kpc, and mass ratios ≤2.5. The Spitzer data, consisting of images in seven bands (3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8, 24, 70, 160 μm), show very diversified IR emission properties. Compared to single spiral galaxies in a control sample, only spiral galaxies in S+S pairs show significantly enhanced specific star formation rate (sSFR = SFR/M), whereas spiral galaxies in S+E pairs do not. Furthermore, the SFR enhancement of spiral galaxies in S+S pairs is highly mass-dependent. Only those with M ≳ 10^(10.5) M_☉ show significant enhancement. Relatively low-mass (M ~ 10^(10) M_☉) spirals in S+S pairs have about the same SFR/M compared to their counterparts in the control sample, while those with 10^(11) M_☉ have on average a ~3 times higher SFR/M than single spirals. There is evidence for a correlation between the global star formation activities (but not the nuclear activities) of the component galaxies in massive S+S major-merger pairs (the "Holmberg effect"). There is no significant difference in the SFR/M between the primaries and the secondaries, nor between spirals of SEP < 1 and those of SEP ≥ 1, SEP being the normalized separation parameter. The contribution of KPAIR galaxies to the cosmic SFR density in the local universe is only 1.7%, and amounts to ρ(overdot)KPAIR = 2.54 × 10^(−4) (M_☉ yr^(−1) Mpc^(−3)).

Financial Reforms and Technical Efficiency in Indian Commercial Banking: A Generalized Stochastic Frontier Analysis

Abstract: In this study we estimate technical efficiency of Indian commercial banks from 1989 to 2009, using a multiple-output generalized stochastic production frontier and analyze the effects of financial reforms on estimated efficiency.The generalized method estimates technical efficiency in the presence of multiple outputs, filling a gap in the existing literature. Our results show that Indian commercial banks were operating with 64% efficiency on average during the sample period. The initial phase of reform had a positive impact on while the later phase adversely affected technical efficiency of banks. Public sector banks show higher efficiency levels compared to private and foreign banks.

Bringing adventure into marriage and family theapy: an innovative experiential approach

Abstract: outdoor adventure experiences, traditionally associated with programs like Outward Bound and Project Adventure, have evolved into specific interventions for a number of therapeutic populations. Once used primarily with dysfunctional adolescents, a series of presentations and writings have emerged that apply these techniques to marriage and family populations. This article presents a brief history and overview of the documented use of adventure experiences in marriage and family therapy and enrichment. Illustrations of actual techniques and recommendations for guiding future studies are also offered.