Indiana University

About: Indiana University is a education organization based out in Bloomington, Indiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 64480 authors who have published 150058 publications receiving 6392902 citations. The organization is also known as: Indiana University system & indiana.edu.

The 2017 Plasma Roadmap: Low temperature plasma science and technology

Abstract: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics published the first Plasma Roadmap in 2012 consisting of the individual perspectives of 16 leading experts in the various sub-fields of low temperature plasma science and technology. The 2017 Plasma Roadmap is the first update of a planned series of periodic updates of the Plasma Roadmap. The continuously growing interdisciplinary nature of the low temperature plasma field and its equally broad range of applications are making it increasingly difficult to identify major challenges that encompass all of the many sub-fields and applications. This intellectual diversity is ultimately a strength of the field. The current state of the art for the 19 sub-fields addressed in this roadmap demonstrates the enviable track record of the low temperature plasma field in the development of plasmas as an enabling technology for a vast range of technologies that underpin our modern society. At the same time, the many important scientific and technological challenges shared in this roadmap show that the path forward is not only scientifically rich but has the potential to make wide and far reaching contributions to many societal challenges.

Porosity of Devonian and Mississippian New Albany Shale across a maturation gradient: Insights from organic petrology, gas adsorption, and mercury intrusion

Abstract: The evolution of porosity in shales with increasing maturity was examined in a suite of five New Albany Shale samples spanning a maturity range from immature (vitrinite reflectance, Ro 0.35%) to postmature (Ro 1.41%). Devonian to lower Mississippian New Albany Shale samples from the Illinois Basin used in this study contain marine type II kerogen having total organic carbon contents from 1.2 to 13.0 wt. %. Organic petrology, CO2 and N2 low-pressure adsorption, and mercury intrusion capillary pressure techniques were used to quantify pore volumes, pore sizes, and pore-size distributions. Increasing maturity of the New Albany Shale is paralleled by many changes in the characteristics of porosity. The total porosity of 9.1 vol. % in immature New Albany Shale decreases to 1.5 vol. % in the late mature sample, whereas total pore volumes decrease from 0.0365 to 0.0059 cm3/g in the same sequence. Reversing the trend at even higher maturity, the postmature New Albany Shale exhibits higher porosity and larger total pore volumes compared to the late mature sample. With increasing maturity, changes in total porosity and total pore volumes are accompanied by changes in pore-size distributions and relative proportions of micropores, mesopores, and macropores. Porosity-related variances are directly related to differences in the amount and character of the organic matter and mineralogical composition, but maturity exerts the dominant control upon these characteristics. We conclude that organic matter transformation due to hydrocarbon generation and migration is a pivotal cause of the observed porosity differences.

Phase III Trial of Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel, and the Combination of Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel as Front-Line Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer: An Intergroup Trial (E1193)

Abstract: Purpose: Between February 1993 and September 1995, 739 patients with metastatic breast cancer were entered on an Intergroup trial (E1193) comparing doxorubicin (60 mg/m2), paclitaxel (175 mg/m2/24 h), and the combination of doxorubicin and paclitaxel (AT, 50 mg/m2 and 150 mg/m2/24 h, plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 5 mg/kg) as first-line therapy. Patients receiving single-agent doxorubicin or paclitaxel were crossed over to the other agent at time of progression. Patients and Methods: Patients were well balanced for on-study characteristics. Results: Responses (complete response and partial response) were seen in 36% of doxorubicin, 34% of paclitaxel, and 47% of AT patients (P = .84 for doxorubicin v paclitaxel, P = .007 for v AT, P = .004 for paclitaxel v AT). Median time to treatment failure (TTF) is 5.8, 6.0, and 8.0 months for doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and AT, respectively (P = .68 for doxorubicin v paclitaxel, P = .003 for doxorubicin v AT, P = .009 for paclitaxel v AT). Median survivals ar...

Effects of Comprehensive-Income Characteristics on Nonprofessional Investors' Judgments: The Role of Financial-Statement Format

Abstract: Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130 requires companies to report comprehensive income in a primary financial statement, but allows its presentation in either a statement of comprehensive income or a statement of stockholders' equity. In an experiment, we examine whether and how alternative presentation formats affect nonprofessional investors' processing of comprehensive-income information, specifically, information disclosing the volatility of unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities. The results show that investors' judgments of corporate and management performance reflect the volatility of comprehensive income only when it is presented in a statement of comprehensive income. We provide evidence consistent with our psychology-based framework that these findings occur because format affects how nonprofessional investors weight comprehensive-income information and not whether they acquire this information or how they evaluate it. Key Words: Comprehensive income; Nonprofessional investors; Presentation format; Volatility