University of Kiel

About: University of Kiel is a education organization based out in Kiel, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Crystal structure. The organization has 27816 authors who have published 57114 publications receiving 2061802 citations. The organization is also known as: Christian Albrechts University & Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.

Summary of the recommendations of the EFNS/MDS-ES review on therapeutic management of Parkinson's disease

Abstract: Objective: To summarize the 2010 EFNS/MDS-ES evidence-based treatment recommendations for the management of Parkinson's disease (PD). This summary includes the treatment recommendations for early and late PD. Methods: For the 2010 publication, a literature search was undertaken for articles published up to September 2009. For this summary, an additional literature search was undertaken up to December 2010. Classification of scientific evidence and the rating of recommendations were made according to the EFNS guidance. In cases where there was insufficient scientific evidence, a consensus statement ('good practice point') is made. Results and Conclusions:: For each clinical indication, a list of therapeutic interventions is provided, including classification of evidence. (Less)

Teleconnections Between the Subtropical Monsoons and High-Latitude Climates During the Last Deglaciation

Abstract: The major deglacial intensification of the southwest monsoon occurred at 11,450 ± 150 calendar years before present, synchronous with a major climate transition as recorded in Greenland ice. An earlier event of monsoon intensification at 16,000 ± 150 calendar years before present occurred at the end of Heinrich layer 1 in the Atlantic and parallels the initial rise in global atmospheric methane concentrations and the first abrupt climate changes in the Antarctic; thus, the evolution of the monsoonal and high-latitude climates show teleconnections but hemispheric asymmetries. Superimposed on abrupt events, the monsoonal climate shows high-frequency variability of 1785-, 1450-, and 1150-year oscillations, and abrupt climate change seems to occur when at least two of these oscillations are in phase.

Phonological decisions require both the left and right supramarginal gyri

Abstract: Recent functional imaging studies demonstrated that both the left and right supramarginal gyri (SMG) are activated when healthy right-handed subjects make phonological word decisions. However, lesion studies typically report difficulties with phonological processing after left rather than right hemisphere damage. Here, we used a unique dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) approach to test whether the SMG in the right hemisphere contributes to modality-independent (i.e., auditory and visual) phonological decisions. To test task-specificity, we compared the effect of real or sham TMS during phonological, semantic, and perceptual decisions. To test laterality and anatomical specificity, we compared the effect of TMS over the left, right, or bilateral SMG and angular gyri. The accuracy and reaction times of phonological decisions were selectively disrupted relative to semantic and perceptual decisions when real TMS was applied over the left, right, or bilateral SMG. These effects were not observed for TMS over the angular gyri. A follow-up experiment indicated that the threshold-intensity for inducing a disruptive effect on phonological decisions was identical for unilateral TMS over the right or left SMG. Taken together, these findings provide converging evidence that the right SMG contributes to accurate and efficient phonological decisions in the healthy brain, with no evidence that the left and right SMG can compensate for one another during TMS. Our findings motivate detailed studies of phonological processing in patients with acute or long-term damage of the right SMG.