Wichita State University

About: Wichita State University is a education organization based out in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 4988 authors who have published 9563 publications receiving 253824 citations. The organization is also known as: WSU & Fairmount College.

Smartwatch-Based Keystroke Inference Attacks and Context-Aware Protection Mechanisms

Abstract: Wearable devices, such as smartwatches, are furnished with state-of-the-art sensors that enable a range of context-aware applications. However, malicious applications can misuse these sensors, if access is left unaudited. In this paper, we demonstrate how applications that have access to motion or inertial sensor data on a modern smartwatch can recover text typed on an external QWERTY keyboard. Due to the distinct nature of the perceptible motion sensor data, earlier research efforts on emanation based keystroke inference attacks are not readily applicable in this scenario. The proposed novel attack framework characterizes wrist movements (captured by the inertial sensors of the smartwatch worn on the wrist) observed during typing, based on the relative physical position of keys and the direction of transition between pairs of keys. Eavesdropped keystroke characteristics are then matched to candidate words in a dictionary. Multiple evaluations show that our keystroke inference framework has an alarmingly high classification accuracy and word recovery rate. With the information recovered from the wrist movements perceptible by a smartwatch, we exemplify the risks associated with unaudited access to seemingly innocuous sensors (e.g., accelerometers and gyroscopes) of wearable devices. As part of our efforts towards preventing such side-channel attacks, we also develop and evaluate a novel context-aware protection framework which can be used to automatically disable (or downgrade) access to motion sensors, whenever typing activity is detected.

Effects of the Oregon model of Parent Management Training (PMTO) on marital adjustment in new stepfamilies: a randomized trial

Abstract: Effects of intervention with the Oregon model of Parent Management Training (PMTO™) on marital relationship processes and marital satisfaction in recently married biological mother and stepfather couples were examined. Sixty-seven of the 110 participating families were randomly assigned to PMTO, and 43 families to a non-intervention condition. Intervention had reliable positive indirect effects on marital relationship processes 24 months after baseline which in turn were associated with higher marital satisfaction. These indirect effects were mediated by the impact of PMTO on parenting practices 6 months after baseline. Enhanced parenting practices resulting from PMTO prevented escalation of subsequent child behavior problems at school. Consistent with a family systems perspective and research on challenges to marital quality in stepfamilies, improved co-parenting practices were associated with enhanced marital relationship skills and marital satisfaction as well as with prevention of child behavior problems.

Comparison of amorphous iridium water-oxidation electrocatalysts prepared from soluble precursors.

Abstract: Electrodeposition of iridium oxide layers from soluble precursors provides a route to active thin-layer electrocatalysts for use on water-oxidizing anodes. Certain organometallic half-sandwich aqua complexes of iridium form stable and highly active oxide films upon electrochemical oxidation in aqueous solution. The catalyst films appear as blue layers on the anode when sufficiently thick, and most closely resemble hydrous iridium(III,IV) oxide by voltammetry. The deposition rate and cyclic voltammetric response of the electrodeposited material depend on whether the precursor complex contains a pentamethylcyclopentadieneyl (Cp*) or cyclopentadienyl ligand (Cp), and do not match, in either case, iridium oxide anodes prepared from non-organometallic precursors. Here, we survey our organometallic precursors, iridium hydroxide, and pre-formed iridium oxide nanoparticles. From electrochemical quartz crystal nanobalance (EQCN) studies, we find differences in the rate of electrodeposition of catalyst layers from ...

The cardiovascular capacities of adults with Down syndrome: a comparative study

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the cardiovascular capacities of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) to individuals without Down syndrome who are mentally retarded Sixteen young adults with DS and 16 individuals without DS (12 males and 4 females, respectively), all with mild/moderate mental retardation, participated in this study Peak VO2 (absolute and relative), VE (1min-1), heart rate (HR, bmin-1), and RER (VCO2/VO2) were determined by exercise tests utilizing a treadmill (TM) and Schwinn Air-Dyne ergometer (SAE) The best test result was chosen from the TM and SAE tests and used for statistical comparisons Cardiac output (Q, 1min-1) was measured while standing quietly and while walking at 3 mph, 0% grade, using the CO2 rebreathing method for 11 (9 males and 2 females) subjects from each group Arteriovenous oxygen differences (a-v O2), cardiac index (QI), and stroke volume (SV) were calculated from VO2, Q, HR, and body surface area Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), left ventricular work index (LVWI), and left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) were calculated from mean arterial pressure, Q, QI, and stroke volume index Results showed that individuals without DS had statistically significant (P less than 001) higher mean peak VO2 (356 vs 246 mlkg-1min-1; 2567 vs 1683 mlmin-1), VE (893 vs 592 1/min-1), and HR (179 vs 159 bmin-1) than individuals with DS, respectively No differences in RER were seen between the groups No differences were seen in cardiovascular parameters measured while quietly standing(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)