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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Chemotaxis in cancer

TLDR
This Review summarizes how chemotaxis directs the different behaviours of tumour cells and stromal cells in vivo, how molecular pathways regulateChemotaxis in tumours and how chemtaxis choreographs cell behaviour to shape the tumour microenvironment and to determine metastatic spread.
Abstract
Chemotaxis of tumour cells and stromal cells in the surrounding microenvironment is an essential component of tumour dissemination during progression and metastasis. This Review summarizes how chemotaxis directs the different behaviours of tumour cells and stromal cells in vivo, how molecular pathways regulate chemotaxis in tumour cells and how chemotaxis choreographs cell behaviour to shape the tumour microenvironment and to determine metastatic spread. The central importance of chemotaxis in cancer progression is highlighted by discussion of the use of chemotaxis as a prognostic marker, a treatment end point and a target of therapeutic intervention.

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Cancer Invasion and the Microenvironment: Plasticity and Reciprocity

TL;DR: The cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion, protease, and cytokine systems that underlie tissue invasion by cancer cells are described and explained to explain how the reciprocal reprogramming of both the tumor cells and the surrounding tissue structures not only guides invasion, but also generates diverse modes of dissemination.
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Classifying collective cancer cell invasion

TL;DR: A framework for addressing potential mechanisms, experimental strategies and technical challenges to study collective cancer cell invasion is proposed.
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Three-dimensional microfluidic model for tumor cell intravasation and endothelial barrier function

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the endothelium poses a barrier to tumor cell intravasation that can be regulated by factors present in the tumor microenvironment.
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Differential macrophage programming in the tumor microenvironment.

TL;DR: Targeting molecular pathways regulating TAM polarization holds great promise for anticancer therapy.
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Crossing the endothelial barrier during metastasis

TL;DR: How cancer cells cross the endothelial barrier during extravasation is described and how different receptors, signalling pathways and circulating cells such as leukocytes and platelets contribute to this process are described.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Role of angiogenesis in tumor growth and metastasis

TL;DR: Preclinical studies have shown that endostatin effectively inhibits tumor growth and shrinks existing tumor blood vessels and therapy with endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis, such asendostatin and angiostatin may reverse the angiogenic switch preventing growth of tumor vasculature.
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Macrophages: Obligate Partners for Tumor Cell Migration, Invasion, and Metastasis

TL;DR: Macrophages within the tumor microenvironment facilitate angiogenesis and extracellular-matrix breakdown and remodeling and promote tumor cell motility and are an important drug target for cancer therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI

A multigenic program mediating breast cancer metastasis to bone.

TL;DR: Overexpression of this bone metastasis gene set is superimposed on a poor-prognosis gene expression signature already present in the parental breast cancer population, suggesting that metastasis requires a set of functions beyond those underlying the emergence of the primary tumor.
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Polarization of Tumor-Associated Neutrophil Phenotype by TGF-β: “N1” versus “N2” TAN

TL;DR: It is suggested that TGF-beta within the tumor microenvironment induces a population of TAN with a protumor phenotype, and depletion of these neutrophils significantly blunts antitumor effects of treatment and reduces CD8(+) T cell activation.
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Collective cell migration in morphogenesis, regeneration and cancer

TL;DR: Comparing different types of collective migration at the molecular and cellular level reveals a common mechanistic theme between developmental and cancer research.
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What part of chemotaxis in cancer has not been studied yet?

The text does not provide information about any specific part of chemotaxis in cancer that has not been studied yet.

What part of chemotaxis in breast cancer has not been studied yet?

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