Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamics and In-stent Restenosis: Micro-CT Images, Histology, and Computer Simulations
Stefano Morlacchi,Brandis Keller,Patrizia Arcangeli,Marta Balzan,Francesco Migliavacca,Gabriele Dubini,Julian Gunn,Nadine Arnold,Andrew J. Narracott,David M. Evans,Patricia V. Lawford +10 more
TL;DR: The direct comparison of hemodynamic parameters and biological response supports the hypothesis that low and oscillatory WSS lead to a greater neointimal response within the stented region and leads to a markedly non-uniform distribution of WSS values and correlates with asymmetric neo-intimal growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aortic flow patterns in patients with Marfan syndrome assessed by flow-sensitive four-dimensional MRI.
Julia Geiger,Michael Markl,Lena Herzer,Daniel Hirtler,Florian Loeffelbein,Brigitte Stiller,Mathias Langer,Raoul Arnold +7 more
TL;DR: To apply time‐resolved three‐dimensional phase contrast MRI with three‐directional velocity encoding (flow‐sensitive 4D MRI) for the characterization of flow pattern changes in patients with Marfan syndrome compared with normal controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of coronary artery plaque progression and potential rupture from 320-detector row prospectively ECG-gated single heart beat CT angiography: Lattice Boltzmann evaluation of endothelial shear stress
Frank J. Rybicki,Simone Melchionna,Simone Melchionna,Dimitris Mitsouras,Ahmet U. Coskun,Ahmet U. Coskun,Amanda G. Whitmore,Michael L. Steigner,Leelakrishna Nallamshetty,Fredrick G. Welt,Massimo Bernaschi,Michelle A. Borkin,Joy Sircar,Efthimios Kaxiras,Sauro Succi,Peter Stone,Charles L. Feldman +16 more
TL;DR: The steps required to derive an ESS map from 320-detector row CT data using the Lattice Boltzmann method to include the complex geometry of the coronary arterial tree are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamics of cerebral aneurysms: computational analyses of aneurysm progress and treatment.
Woowon Jeong,Kyehan Rhee +1 more
TL;DR: The computational analysis of hemodynamic parameters in cerebral aneurysms is expected to provide valuable information for planning and follow-up decisions for treatment, as well as the effectiveness of endovascular treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical modeling of simulated blood flow in idealized composite arterial coronary grafts : Steady state simulations
Argyris Politis,G.P. Stavropoulos,M.N. Christolis,F.G. Panagopoulos,Nicholas S. Vlachos,N.C. Markatos +5 more
TL;DR: It was concluded that local haemodynamics, practically described by velocity, pressure drop, wall shear stress (WSS) and flow rates, may be strongly influenced by the local geometry, especially at the anastomotic sites.
References
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