Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Alterations in regional vascular geometry produced by theoretical stent implantation influence distributions of wall shear stress: analysis of a curved coronary artery using 3D computational fluid dynamics modeling
John F. LaDisa,John F. LaDisa,John F. LaDisa,Lars E. Olson,Hettrick A Douglas,David C. Warltier,Judy R. Kersten,Paul S. Pagel,Paul S. Pagel +8 more
TL;DR: If the findings of this idealized study translate to the clinical situation, the regional geometry established immediately after stent implantation may predispose portions of the stented vessel to a higher risk of neointimal hyperplasia and subsequent restenosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
3D blood flow characteristics in the carotid artery bifurcation assessed by flow-sensitive 4D MRI at 3T.
Andreas Harloff,F. Albrecht,Joachim Spreer,Aurélien F. Stalder,Jelena Bock,Alex Frydrychowicz,J. Schöllhorn,Andreas Hetzel,Martin Schumacher,Jürgen Hennig,Michael Markl +10 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the feasibility of flow‐sensitive 4D MRI for the quantification and 3D visualization of physiological and pathological flow patterns in the carotid artery bifurcation.
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Multiphase hemodynamic simulation of pulsatile flow in a coronary artery
TL;DR: These predictions provide insight into how blood-borne particulates interact with artery walls and hence, have relevance for understanding atherogenesis since clinical observations show that atherosclerotic plaques generally form on the inside curvatures of arteries.
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High Shear Stresses under Exercise Condition Destroy Circulating Tumor Cells in a Microfluidic System
TL;DR: It is proposed that intensive exercise may be a good strategy for generating high shear stress that can destroy CTCs and prevent cancer metastasis.
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The Multiparametric Effects of Hydrodynamic Environments on Stem Cell Culture
TL;DR: An improved understanding of the multifactorial response of stem cells to mixed culture conditions will enable the design of bioreactors and bioprocessing systems for scalable directed differentiation approaches.
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