Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cerebrovascular MRI: a review of state-of-the-art approaches, methods and techniques.
TL;DR: The focus of this review is on obtaining an understanding through the application of advanced MRI methodology of both normal and abnormal blood flow in the cerebrovascular arteries, capillaries and veins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioreactors as engineering support to treat cardiac muscle and vascular disease.
Diana Nada Caterina Massai,Giulia Cerino,Diego Gallo,Francesco Pennella,Marco Agostino Deriu,Andres J. Rodriguez,Franco Maria Montevecchi,Cristina Bignardi,Alberto Audenino,Umberto Morbiducci +9 more
TL;DR: A review of the current state of the art of bioreactor solutions for cardiovascular tissue engineering is presented, with emphasis on bioreactors and biophysical stimuli adopted for investigating the mechanisms influencing cardiovascular tissue development, and for eventually generating suitable cardiovascular tissue replacements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regions of low endothelial shear stress colocalize with positive vascular remodeling and atherosclerotic plaque disruption: an in vivo magnetic resonance imaging study.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that low ESS is associated with plaque burden, positive vascular remodeling, and plaque disruption in a rabbit model and assessment of ESS by noninvasive MRI might be useful for assessing atherosclerotic risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of myocardial bridging and correlation with coronary atherosclerosis studied with 64-slice CT coronary angiography
Ludovico La Grutta,Giuseppe Runza,G. Lo Re,Massimo Galia,Valerio Alaimo,Emanuele Grassedonio,Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta,Roberto Malago,Carlo Tedeschi,Filippo Cademartiri,M. De Maria,Adelfio Elio Cardinale,Roberto Lagalla,Massimo Midiri +13 more
TL;DR: MSCT-CA is a reliable, noninvasive method that is able to depict myocardial bridging and associated atherosclerotic plaque in the proximal segments and cannot be considered a significant risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis compared with traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aortic wall shear stress in Marfan syndrome.
Julia Geiger,Raoul Arnold,Lena Herzer,Daniel Hirtler,Zoran Stankovic,M. Russe,Mathias Langer,Michael Markl +7 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate differences in WSS associated with MFS despite similar aortic dimensions compared to controls, as measured by time‐resolved 3D phase contrast MRI with three‐directional velocity encoding.
References
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Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease
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