Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells Exposed to Physiological Coronary Wall Shear Stresses
TL;DR: Insight is provided into the possible influences of coronary hemodynamics on plaque localization, with VCAM-1 only significantly induced by the WSS from disease prone regions.
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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Features of the Disruption-Prone and the Disrupted Carotid Plaque
Baocheng Chu,Marina S. Ferguson,Huijun Chen,Daniel S. Hippe,William S. Kerwin,Gador Canton,Chun Yuan,Thomas S. Hatsukami +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a pictorial essay illustrates the capability of high-spatial-resolution, multicontrast-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for identifying features of disruption-prone and disrupted atherosclerotic carotid plaques.
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Three-dimensional blood flow analysis in a wide-necked internal carotid artery-ophthalmic artery aneurysm
Satoshi Tateshima,Fernando Vinuela,J. Pablo Villablanca,Yuichi Murayama,Taku Morino,Kiyoe Nomura,Kazuo Tanishita +6 more
TL;DR: The side-wall aneurysm in this study did not demonstrate a simple flow pattern as was previously seen in ideally shaped experimentalAneurysms in vitro and in vivo, and the flow patterns of inflow and outflow zones were very difficult to predict based on the limited flow information provided on standard digital subtraction angiography.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Brachial Artery Remodels to Maintain Local Shear Stress Despite the Presence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors
William B. Chung,Naomi M. Hamburg,Monika Holbrook,Sherene M. Shenouda,Mustali M Dohadwala,Dellara F. Terry,Noyan Gokce,Joseph A. Vita +7 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that enlargement of the brachial artery in the setting of obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerosis reflects adaptive remodeling, providing further support for the concept that arterial remodeling is an important homeostatic response that is maintained despite the presence of risk factors and developing Atherosclerosis.
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Aneurysm volume-to-ostium area ratio: a parameter useful for discriminating the rupture status of intracranial aneurysms.
Ryuta Yasuda,Charles M. Strother,Waro Taki,Kazuhiko Shinki,Kevin Royalty,Kari Pulfer,Christof Karmonik +6 more
TL;DR: Determination of VOR was easily done and reproducible using widely available commercial equipment and may be a more robust parameter to discriminate rupture status than AR.
References
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