Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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MEF2 (Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2) Is Essential for Endothelial Homeostasis and the Atheroprotective Gene Expression Program
Yao Wei Lu,Nina Martino,Brennan D. Gerlach,John M. Lamar,Peter A. Vincent,Alejandro P. Adam,John J. Schwarz +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that atherosclerosis predominantly forms in regions of oscillatory shear stress while regions of laminar shear stresses are protected through the endothelium in lamin...
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Design Analysis and Optimization of a Single-Layer PDMS Microfluidic Artificial Lung
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Endothelial shear stress signal transduction and atherogenesis: From mechanisms to therapeutics.
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the recent advances in mechano-transduction and its role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is presented, highlighting the perspective of new anti-atherosclerosis therapies through targeting these mechanoregulated signaling molecules.
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Structural and Hemodynamic Analyses of Different Stent Structures in Curved and Stenotic Coronary Artery.
TL;DR: The results showed that among the three commercially-shaped stents, the Palmaz-Schatz-shaped had the least stent dogboning and recoiling, corresponding to the greatest maximum plastic strain and the largest diameter change, nevertheless, it induced the highest maximum von Mises stress on plaque, arterial intima and media.
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High shear stress influences plaque vulnerability
Harald C. Groen,Frank J. H. Gijsen,A. van der Lugt,Marina S. Ferguson,T. S. Hatsukami,C. Yuan,A.F.W. van der Steen,Jolanda J. Wentzel +7 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that high shear stress influences plaque vulnerability and therefore may become a potential parameter for predicting future events.
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