Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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High-throughput identification of small molecules that affect human embryonic vascular development
Helena Vazão,S.C. Rosa,Tânia Barata,Ricardo Costa,Patrícia R. Pitrez,Inês Honório,Margreet R. de Vries,Dimitri Papatsenko,Rui Benedito,Daniel B.F. Saris,Ali Khademhosseini,Paul H.A. Quax,Carlos Filipe Pereira,Nadia Mercader,Hugo Fernandes,Lino Ferreira +15 more
TL;DR: A platform based on human pluripotent stem cell-derived ECs for drug screening, which may open new avenues of research for the study and modulation of embryonic vasculature is developed.
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Endothelial cell activation by hemodynamic shear stress derived from arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis access
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Book ChapterDOI
Chapter 8 – Mechanobiology of the Arterial Wall
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