Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Vascular Instability and Neurological Morbidity in Sickle Cell Disease: An Integrative Framework.
Hanne Stotesbury,Jamie M. Kawadler,Patrick W. Hales,Dawn E. Saunders,Dawn E. Saunders,Chris A. Clark,Fenella J. Kirkham +6 more
TL;DR: This framework brings together recent developments in the field, highlights outstanding questions, and offers a first step toward a linking pathophysiological explanation of neurological risk that may help inform future screening and treatment strategies.
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Chronic pulsatile shear stress impacts synthesis of proteoglycans by endothelial cells: Effect on platelet aggregation and coagulation
TL;DR: Shear stress, by altering proteoglycan synthesis and fine structure, may play a role in maintaining vascular hemodynamics and hemostasis as well as on platelet‐fibrin clot dynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluid‐induced wall shear stress in anthropomorphic brain aneurysm models: MR phase‐contrast study at 3 T
Sinyeob Ahn,David D. Shin,Satoshi Tateshima,Satoshi Tateshima,Kazuo Tanishita,Fernando Vinuela,Shantanu Sinha,Shantanu Sinha +7 more
TL;DR: To study spatial and temporal distribution of wall shear stress of intracranial aneurysm models using magnetic resonance phase contrast (MR‐PC) imaging, and to compare results to those obtained in a previous study using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV).
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of dynamic vessel motion on haemodynamic parameters in the right coronary artery: a combined MR and CFD study.
Ryo Torii,Jennifer Keegan,Nigel B. Wood,Andrew W. Dowsey,Alun D. Hughes,Guang-Zhong Yang,David N. Firmin,S. A. McG. Thom,X.Y. Xu +8 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that neglecting dynamic motion of the RCA is acceptable if TAWSS is the primary focus but may result in underestimation of haemodynamic parameters related to the oscillatory nature of the blood flow.
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Development of a Patient-Specific Multi-Scale Model to Understand Atherosclerosis and Calcification Locations: Comparison with In vivo Data in an Aortic Dissection
TL;DR: Improvements obtained using the combined biomechanical/biochemical modeling approach highlight the benefits of mechanistic modeling as a powerful tool to understand complex phenomena and provides insight into the relative importance of key hemodynamic parameters.
References
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