Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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MRI hemodynamic markers of progressive bicuspid aortic valve‐related aortic disease
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Differential Stability and Trade-Off Effects of Pathoadaptive Mutations in the Escherichia coli FimH Adhesin
Scott J. Weissman,Viktoriya Beskhlebnaya,Veronika Chesnokova,Sujay Chattopadhyay,Walter E. Stamm,Thomas M. Hooton,Evgeni V. Sokurenko +6 more
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Distance from the ostium as an independent determinant of coronary plaque composition in vivo: an intravascular ultrasound study based radiofrequency data analysis in humans.
Marco Valgimigli,Gaston A. Rodriguez-Granillo,Hector M. Garcia-Garcia,Patrizia Malagutti,Evelyn Regar,Peter de Jaegere,Pim J. de Feyter,Patrick W. Serruys +7 more
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Intravascular palpography for high-risk vulnerable plaque assessment.
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TL;DR: The development of 3-D palpography provides a technique that may develop into a clinical tool to identify the high-risk plaque and the presence of a high-strain region at the lumenplaque interface has a high predictive value to identify macrophages.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease
TL;DR: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease as discussed by the authors, and it is a major cause of death in the United States, Europe, and much of Asia, despite changes in lifestyle and use of new pharmacologic approaches to lower plasma cholesterol concentrations.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Vascular endothelial cells synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine.
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Journal ArticleDOI
The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes (1).
TL;DR: The two hypotheses to explain the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the "incrustation" hypothesis and the "lipid" hypothesis, are now known.