Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Antioxidant vitamin C prevents decline in endothelial function during sitting
Saurabh S. Thosar,Sylvanna L. Bielko,Chad C. Wiggins,James E. Klaunig,Kieren J. Mather,Janet P. Wallace +5 more
TL;DR: Antioxidant Vitamin C prevented the decline in SFA FMD, suggesting that oxidative stress may contribute to the impairment in endothelial function during sitting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical study of wall shear stress-based descriptors in the human left coronary artery
TL;DR: These descriptors aid the prediction of disturbed flow conditions in the vessels and play a significant role in the detection of potential zones of atherosclerosis development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association between hemodynamics, morphology, and rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms: a computational fluid modeling study.
TL;DR: The objective of the study was to examine the correlations between intracranial aneurysm morphology and wall shear stress (WSS) to identify reliable predictors of rupture risk and to show two different pathological changes associated with high or low WSS in wide-neckedAneurysms.
Journal ArticleDOI
A director theory approach for modeling blood flow in the arterial system: an alternative to classical 1d models
TL;DR: In this paper, a nine-director theory for flow in axisymmetric bodies is proposed, where the flow is not assumed to be uni-directional, the theory is hierarchical, and wall shear stress enters directly as a dependent variable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of shear stress on attachment of corneal endothelial cells in association with corneal endothelial cell loss after laser iridotomy.
TL;DR: The resistance of corneal endothelial cell loss to shear stress is time dependent and could be a cause of cornea endothelial cells loss in some conditions of laser iridotomy.
References
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Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease
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Journal ArticleDOI
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