Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of in vivo velocity and endothelial shear stress patterns with phasic flow in human coronary arteries: a methodology to predict progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
Charles L. Feldman,Olusegun J. Ilegbusi,Zhenjun Hu,Richard W. Nesto,Sergio Waxman,Peter Stone +5 more
TL;DR: A system that permits, for the first time, the in vivo determination of pulsatile local velocity patterns and endothelial shear stress in the human coronary arteries is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of boundary conditions on wall shear stress distribution in patients specific coronary trees
Alina G. van der Giessen,Harald C. Groen,Pierre André Doriot,Pim J. de Feyter,Antonius F.W. van der Steen,Frans N. van de Vosse,Jolanda J. Wentzel,Frank J. H. Gijsen +7 more
TL;DR: The impact of two different models to determine flow through the side branches on the wall shear stress (WSS) distribution in patient specific geometries is evaluated and implies that Murray's law underestimates the flow throughThe side branches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of dietary antioxidants on postprandial endothelial dysfunction induced by a high-fat meal in healthy subjects
Katherine Esposito,Francesco Nappo,Francesco Giugliano,Giovanni Giugliano,Raffaele Marfella,Dario Giugliano +5 more
TL;DR: Compared with a high-carbohydrate meal, aHigh-fat meal can modify endothelial functions toward a more atherogenetic profile, which is partially prevented by dietary antioxidants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of four-dimensional flow parameters for quantification of flow eccentricity in the ascending aorta.
TL;DR: To compare quantitative parameters for assessing the degree of eccentric systolic blood flow in the ascending thoracic aorta (AsAo), the objective was to establish an experimental procedure and show direct AFIs for the determination of eccentric blood flow levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of flow patterns in a patient-specific aortic dissection model.
Zhuo Cheng,F. P. P. Tan,Celia Riga,Colin Bicknell,M. Hamady,Richard Gibbs,Nigel B. Wood,Xiao Yun Xu +7 more
TL;DR: The results show that the dissected aorta is dominated by locally highly disturbed, and possibly turbulent, flow with strong recirculation, and the non-Newtonian behavior of blood into the same transitional flow model has yielded a slightly lower peak wall shear stress and higher maximum turbulence intensity without causing discernible changes to the distribution patterns.
References
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