Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Noncomplicated and Complicated Hypertension
TL;DR: Deterioration of endothelial function was observed in patients with hypertension with risk factors of atherosclerosis and in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and was most pronounced in those with CAD.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new way to reduce flow disturbance in endovascular stents: a numerical study.
TL;DR: The present preliminary study indicates that the optimization of the cross-sectional shape of stent wires ought to be considered in the structural design for endovascular stents.
Journal ArticleDOI
How do we prevent the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque from rupturing? Insights from in vivo assessments of plaque, vascular remodeling, and local endothelial shear stress.
Ioannis Andreou,Antonios P. Antoniadis,Koki Shishido,Michail I. Papafaklis,Konstantinos C. Koskinas,Yiannis S. Chatzizisis,Ahmet U. Coskun,Elazer R. Edelman,Charles L. Feldman,Peter Stone +9 more
TL;DR: The role of ESS in the pathobiologic processes responsible for plaque destabilization, leading either to accelerated plaque growth or to acute coronary events, is focused on, and the potential to utilize in vivo risk stratification of individual coronary plaques to optimize prevention strategies to preclude new cardiac events is emphasized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endothelial shear stress 5 years after implantation of a coronary bioresorbable scaffold.
Vikas Thondapu,Erhan Tenekecioglu,Eric K. W. Poon,Carlos Collet,Ryo Torii,Christos V. Bourantas,Christos V. Bourantas,Cheng Chin,Yohei Sotomi,Hans Jonker,Jouke Dijkstra,Eve Revalor,Frank J. H. Gijsen,Yoshinobu Onuma,Andrew Ooi,Peter Barlis,Patrick W. Serruys,Patrick W. Serruys +17 more
TL;DR: Immediately after scaffold implantation, coronary arteries demonstrate an alternans of extremely low and high ESS values and localized areas of high blood viscosity, which may trigger fibrin deposition and thrombosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Novel Scoring System for Rupture Risk Stratification of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Hemodynamic and Morphological Study
Pengjun Jiang,Qingyuan Liu,Jun Wu,Xin Chen,Maogui Li,Zhengsong Li,Shuzhe Yang,Rui Guo,Bin Gao,Yong Cao,Shuo Wang +10 more
TL;DR: The novel IARS showed higher accuracy in discriminating IA rupture in comparison with RRS, and was established to establish a system to stratify the risk of IAs rupture to help the clinical decision-making.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease
TL;DR: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease as discussed by the authors, and it is a major cause of death in the United States, Europe, and much of Asia, despite changes in lifestyle and use of new pharmacologic approaches to lower plasma cholesterol concentrations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that relaxation of isolated preparations of rabbit thoracic aorta and other blood vessels by ACh requires the presence of endothelial cells, and that ACh, acting on muscarinic receptors of these cells, stimulates release of a substance(s) that causes relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vascular endothelial cells synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that NO can be synthesized from L-arginine by porcine aortic endothelial cells in culture and the strict substrate specificity of this reaction suggests that L- arginine is the precursor for NO synthesis in vascular endothelium cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes (1).
TL;DR: The two hypotheses to explain the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the "incrustation" hypothesis and the "lipid" hypothesis, are now known.