Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis.
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TLDR
The functional regulation of the endothelium by local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help guide future therapeutic strategies.Abstract:
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and
nearly the leading cause in the developing world, is associated with systemic
risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
mellitus, among others. Nonetheless, atherosclerosis remains a geometrically
focal disease, preferentially affecting the outer edges of vessel bifurcations.
In these predisposed areas, hemodynamic shear stress, the frictional force
acting on the endothelial cell surface as a result of blood flow, is weaker
than in protected regions. Studies have identified hemodynamic shear stress
as an important determinant of endothelial function and phenotype. Arterial-level
shear stress (>15 dyne/cm2) induces endothelial quiescence and
an atheroprotective gene expression profile, while low shear stress (<4
dyne/cm2), which is prevalent at atherosclerosis-prone sites, stimulates
an atherogenic phenotype. The functional regulation of the endothelium by
local hemodynamic shear stress provides a model for understanding the focal
propensity of atherosclerosis in the setting of systemic factors and may help
guide future therapeutic strategies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Real-World Variability in the Prediction of Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Shear Stress: The 2015 International Aneurysm CFD Challenge
Kristian Valen-Sendstad,Aslak W. Bergersen,Aslak W. Bergersen,Yuji Shimogonya,Leonid Goubergrits,Jan Bruening,Jordi Pallares,Salvatore Cito,Senol Piskin,Kerem Pekkan,A. J. Geers,Ignacio Larrabide,Saikiran Rapaka,Viorel Mihalef,Wenyu Fu,Aike Qiao,Kartik Jain,Kartik Jain,Kartik Jain,Sabine Roller,Kent-Andre Mardal,Kent-Andre Mardal,Ramji Kamakoti,Thomas Spirka,Neil Ashton,Alistair Revell,Nicolas Aristokleous,J. Graeme Houston,Masanori Tsuji,Fujimaro Ishida,Prahlad G. Menon,Leonard D. Browne,Stephen P. Broderick,Masaaki Shojima,Satoshi Koizumi,Michael Barbour,Alberto Aliseda,Hernán G. Morales,Thierry Lefevre,Simona Hodis,Yahia M. Al-Smadi,Justin Tran,Alison L. Marsden,Sreeja Vaippummadhom,G. Albert Einstein,Alistair G. Brown,Kristian Debus,Kuniyasu Niizuma,Sherif Rashad,Shin Ichiro Sugiyama,M. Owais Khan,Adam Updegrove,Shawn C. Shadden,Bart M. W. Cornelissen,Charles B. L. M. Majoie,Philipp Berg,Sylvia Saalfield,Kenichi Kono,David A. Steinman +58 more
TL;DR: While segmentation and CFD solver techniques may be difficult to standardize across groups, the findings suggest that some of the variability in image-based CFD could be reduced by establishing guidelines for model extents, inflow rates, and blood properties, and by encouraging the reporting of normalized hemodynamic parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs in atherosclerosis.
TL;DR: Clinically, early work has demonstrated the utility of miRNAs for differentiating patients with arterial disease from controls and predicting future cardiac events, and issues regarding multiple miRNA targets, stability and delivery continue to present challenges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tapered microfluidic chip for the study of biochemical and mechanical response at subcellular level of endothelial cells to shear flow
TL;DR: A lab-on-a-chip application for the investigation of biochemical and mechanical response of individual endothelial cells to different fluid dynamical conditions is presented and results are shown related to the promoter activity of the shear-responsive transcription factor KLF2 driving the marker gene for green fluorescent protein.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vivo hemodynamic analysis of intracranial aneurysms obtained by magnetic resonance fluid dynamics (MRFD) based on time-resolved three-dimensional phase-contrast MRI
Haruo Isoda,Yasuhide Ohkura,Takashi Kosugi,Masaya Hirano,Hiroyasu Takeda,Hisaya Hiramatsu,Shuhei Yamashita,Yasuo Takehara,Marcus T. Alley,Roland Bammer,Norbert J. Pelc,Hiroki Namba,Harumi Sakahara +12 more
TL;DR: In vivo hemodynamic analysis of unruptured intracranial aneurysms of magnetic resonance fluid dynamics using time-resolved three-dimensional phase-contrast MRI (4D-Flow) at 1.5 T analyzed relationships between hemodynamics and wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI).
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a custom-designed echo particle image velocimetry system for multi-component hemodynamic measurements: system characterization and initial experimental results.
Lingli Liu,Hairong Zheng,Logan D. A. Williams,Fuxing Zhang,Rui Wang,Jean Hertzberg,Robin Shandas,Robin Shandas +7 more
TL;DR: This work proposes standard rules for characterizing Echo PIV performance and reports on a custom-designed echo PIV system with increased spatial resolution and measurable velocity range and verified the accuracy of this technique.
References
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