Microbial Dysbiosis in Pediatric Patients with Crohn's Disease
Nadeem O. Kaakoush,Andrew S. Day,Andrew S. Day,Andrew S. Day,Karina D. Huinao,Steven T. Leach,Daniel A. Lemberg,Scot E. Dowd,Hazel M. Mitchell +8 more
TLDR
Differences in the microbial compositions of patients with mild disease and moderate to severe disease were identified and indicate that a combination of different bacterial species or a dynamic interplay between individual species is important for disease and is consistent with the dysbiosis hypothesis of CD.Abstract:
Microbial dysbiosis has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn9s disease (CD); however, many studies of gut microbial communities have been confounded by environmental and patient-related factors. In this study, the microbial flora of fecal samples from 19 children newly diagnosed with CD and 21 age-matched controls were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing to determine differences in the microbial composition between CD patients and controls. Analysis of the microbial composition of specific bacterial groups revealed that Firmicutes percentages were significantly lower in CD patients than in controls and that this was due largely to changes in the class Clostridia. Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria percentages were higher and significantly higher in CD patients than in controls, respectively. Both the detection frequencies of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes correlated (positively and negatively, respectively) with the calculated pediatric Crohn9s disease activity index scores of patients. Upon further analysis, differences in the microbial compositions of patients with mild disease and moderate to severe disease were identified. Our findings indicate that a combination of different bacterial species or a dynamic interplay between individual species is important for disease and is consistent with the dysbiosis hypothesis of CD.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Treatment-Naive Microbiome in New-Onset Crohn’s Disease
Dirk Gevers,Subra Kugathasan,Lee A. Denson,Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza,Will Van Treuren,Boyu Ren,Emma Schwager,Dan Knights,Se Jin Song,Moran Yassour,Xochitl C. Morgan,Aleksandar Kostic,Chengwei Luo,Antonio Gonzalez,Daniel McDonald,Yael Haberman,Thomas D. Walters,Susan S. Baker,Joel R. Rosh,Michael C. Stephens,Melvin B. Heyman,James Markowitz,Robert N. Baldassano,Anne M. Griffiths,Francisco A. Sylvester,David R. Mack,Sandra C. Kim,Wallace Crandall,Jeffrey S. Hyams,Curtis Huttenhower,Curtis Huttenhower,Rob Knight,Rob Knight,Ramnik J. Xavier,Ramnik J. Xavier +34 more
TL;DR: Comparing the microbial signatures between the ileum, the rectum, and fecal samples indicates that at this early stage of disease, assessing the rectal mucosal-associated microbiome offers unique potential for convenient and early diagnosis of CD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection
TL;DR: Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial network disturbances in relapsing refractory Crohn's disease.
Bahtiyar Yilmaz,Pascal Juillerat,Ove Øyås,Charlotte Ramon,Francisco Bravo,Yannick Franc,Nicolas Fournier,Pierre Michetti,Christoph Mueller,Markus B. Geuking,Valérie Pittet,Michel H. Maillard,Gerhard Rogler,Reiner Wiest,Jörg Stelling,Andrew J. Macpherson +15 more
TL;DR: A disturbed microbial network characterizes relapsing refractory Crohn’s disease and antedates disease recurrence after surgical removal of the active disease segment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dysbiosis, inflammation, and response to treatment: a longitudinal study of pediatric subjects with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease
Kelly A Shaw,Madeline Bertha,Tatyana Hofmekler,Pankaj Chopra,Tommi Vatanen,Tommi Vatanen,Abhiram Srivatsa,Jarod Prince,Archana Kumar,Cary G. Sauer,Michael E. Zwick,Glen A. Satten,Aleksandar Kostic,Aleksandar Kostic,Jennifer G. Mulle,Ramnik J. Xavier,Ramnik J. Xavier,Subra Kugathasan +17 more
TL;DR: Patient dysbiosis improved over time but persisted even among those who responded to treatment and achieved mucosal healing, and it was found that pretreatment microbiome signatures are a promising avenue for prediction of remission and response to treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exposure to household furry pets influences the gut microbiota of infants at 3–4 months following various birth scenarios
Hein M. Tun,Theodore Konya,Tim K. Takaro,Jeffrey R. Brook,Radha Chari,Catherine J. Field,David S. Guttman,Allan B. Becker,Piush J. Mandhane,Stuart E. Turvey,Padmaja Subbarao,Malcolm R. Sears,James A. Scott,Anita L. Kozyrskyj +13 more
TL;DR: The impact of pet ownership varies under different birth scenarios; however, in common, exposure to pets increased the abundance of two bacteria, Ruminococcus and Oscillospira, which have been negatively associated with childhood atopy and obesity.
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