The impact of lianas on 10 years of tree growth and mortality on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
Laura L. Ingwell,S. Joseph Wright,Kristen K. Becklund,Stephen P. Hubbell,Stephen P. Hubbell,Stefan A. Schnitzer,Stefan A. Schnitzer +6 more
TLDR
One of the largest studies ever conducted on lianas is used to confirm the negative effects of lianaas on tree growth and survival over 10 years, and liana infestation of trees was widespread, dynamic and increasing on BCI.Abstract:
Summary 1. Lianas compete intensely with trees, but few studies have examined long-term effects of liana infestation on tree growth and mortality. We quantified the effects of lianas in tree crowns (n = 2907) and rooted within 2 m of trees (n = 1086) on growth and mortality of 30 tree species from 1995 to 2005 on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama, documented liana infestation in tree crowns in 1996 and 2007 to determine the dynamics of liana infestation, and quantified liana infestation in the crowns of 3231 additional canopy trees (d.b.h. ‡20 cm) in 2007 to compare with the same metric determined by previous studies in 1967 and 1980. 2. Severe liana infestation increased tree mortality: 21% of liana-free trees in 1996 had died by 2007, whereas 42% of trees with more than 75% of the crown infested by lianas in 1996 had died by 2007. 3. Liana infestation of tree crowns significantly reduced tree growth, particularly on sun-exposed trees. The proximity of rooted lianas significantly reduced the growth of shaded trees. 4. Liana infestation was dynamic: 10.9% of trees with severe liana infestation in their crowns in 1996 had shed all of their lianas by 2007 and 5.3% of trees with no lianas in their crown in 1996 had severe liana infestation in 2007. 5. Liana infestation was common: lianas were present in 53% of trees of the 30 focal species. Including lianas rooted within 2 m of the tree increased this percentage to 78%. Using both aboveand below-ground measures may provide a better estimate of liana competition than either measure alone. 6. Liana infestation is increasing on BCI. Lianas were present in the crowns of 73.6% of canopy trees (d.b.h. ‡20 cm). Liana canopy infestation was 57% higher than in 1980 and 65% higher than in 1967, which is consistent with reported increases in liana abundance, biomass, and leaf and flower production. 7. Synthesis. We used one of the largest studies ever conducted on lianas to confirm the negative effects of lianas on tree growth and survival over 10 years. Liana infestation of trees was widespread, dynamic and increasing on BCI.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Averting biodiversity collapse in tropical forest protected areas
William F. Laurance,William F. Laurance,D. Carolina Useche,Julio Rendeiro,Margareta B. Kalka,Corey J. A. Bradshaw,Sean Sloan,Susan G. Laurance,Mason J. Campbell,Kate Abernethy,Patricia Alvarez,Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez,Peter S. Ashton,Julieta Benítez-Malvido,Allard Blom,Kadiri Serge Bobo,Charles H. Cannon,Min Cao,R. W. Carroll,Colin A. Chapman,Rosamond Coates,Marina Cords,Finn Danielsen,Bart De Dijn,Eric Dinerstein,Maureen A. Donnelly,David Edwards,Felicity A. Edwards,Nina Farwig,Peter J. Fashing,Pierre-Michel Forget,Mercedes S. Foster,George A. Gale,David Harris,Rhett D. Harrison,John Hart,Sarah M. Karpanty,W. John Kress,Jagdish Krishnaswamy,Willis Logsdon,Jon C. Lovett,William E. Magnusson,Fiona Maisels,Fiona Maisels,Andrew R. Marshall,Deedra McClearn,Divya Mudappa,Martin Reinhardt Nielsen,Richard G. Pearson,Nigel C. A. Pitman,Jan van der Ploeg,Andrew J. Plumptre,John R. Poulsen,Mauricio Quesada,Hugo Rainey,Douglas W. Robinson,Christiane Roetgers,Francesco Rovero,Frederick N. Scatena,Christian H. Schulze,Douglas Sheil,Thomas T. Struhsaker,John Terborgh,Duncan W. Thomas,Robert M. Timm,J. Nicolás Urbina-Cardona,Karthikeyan Vasudevan,S. Joseph Wright,Juan Carlos Arias-G.,Luzmila Arroyo,Mark S. Ashton,Philippe Auzel,Dennis Babaasa,Fred Babweteera,Patrick J. Baker,Olaf Bánki,Margot Bass,Inogwabini Bila-Isia,Stephen Blake,Warren Y. Brockelman,Nicholas Brokaw,Carsten A. Brühl,Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin,Jung Tai Chao,Jérôme Chave,Ravi Chellam,Connie J. Clark,José Clavijo,Robert A. Congdon,Richard T. Corlett,H. S. Dattaraja,Chittaranjan Dave,Glyn Davies,Beatriz de Mello Beisiegel,Rosa De Nazaré Paes Da Silva,Anthony Di Fiore,Arvin C. Diesmos,Rodolfo Dirzo,Diane M. Doran-Sheehy,Mitchell J. Eaton,Louise H. Emmons,Alejandro Estrada,Corneille E. N. Ewango,Linda M. Fedigan,François Feer,Barbara Fruth,Jacalyn Giacalone Willis,Uromi Manage Goodale,Steven M. Goodman,Juan Carlos Guix,Paul Guthiga,William A. Haber,Keith C. Hamer,Ilka Herbinger,Jane K. Hill,Zhongliang Huang,I Fang Sun,Kalan Ickes,Akira Itoh,Natália Macedo Ivanauskas,Betsy R. Jackes,John P. Janovec,Daniel H. Janzen,Mo Jiangming,Chen Jin,Trevor Jones,Hermes Justiniano,Elisabeth K. V. Kalko,Aventino Kasangaki,Timothy J. Killeen,Hen Biau King,Erik Klop,Cheryl D. Knott,Inza Koné,Enoka P. Kudavidanage,José Lahoz Da Silva Ribeiro,John E. Lattke,Richard Laval,Robert O. Lawton,Miguel E. Leal,Mark Leighton,Miguel Lentino,Cristiane Leonel,Jeremy A. Lindsell,Lee Ling-Ling,K. Eduard Linsenmair,Elizabeth Losos,Ariel E. Lugo,Jeremiah S. Lwanga,Andrew L. Mack,Marlucia Bonifacio Martins,W. Scott McGraw,Roan McNab,Luciano Fogaça de Assis Montag,Jo Myers Thompson,Jacob Nabe-Nielsen,Michiko Nakagawa,Sanjay K. Nepal,Marilyn A. Norconk,Vojtech Novotny,Sean O'Donnell,Muse Opiang,Paul E. Ouboter,Kenneth C. Parker,Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy,Kátia Pisciotta,Dewi M. Prawiradilaga,Catherine M. Pringle,Subaraj Rajathurai,Ulrich H. Reichard,Katherine Renton,Glen Reynolds,Vernon Reynolds,Erin P. Riley,Mark-Oliver Rödel,Jessica M. Rothman,Philip D. Round,Shoko Sakai,Tania M. Sanaiotti,Tommaso Savini,Gertrud Schaab,John Seidensticker,Alhaji Siaka,Miles R. Silman,Thomas B. Smith,Samuel Almeida,Navjot S. Sodhi,Craig B. Stanford,Kristine Stewart,Emma J. Stokes,Kathryn E. Stoner,Raman Sukumar,Martin Surbeck,Mathias W. Tobler,Teja Tscharntke,Andrea K. Turkalo,Govindaswamy Umapathy,Merlijn van Weerd,Jorge H. Vega Rivera,Meena Venkataraman,Linda Venn,Carlos Verea,Carolina V. Castilho,Matthias Waltert,Benjamin C. Wang,David P. Watts,William Weber,Paige West,David Whitacre,Kenneth D. Whitney,David Wilkie,Stephen E. Williams,Debra D. Wright,Patricia C. Wright,Lu Xiankai,Pralad Yonzon,Franky Zamzani +216 more
TL;DR: These findings suggest that tropical protected areas are often intimately linked ecologically to their surrounding habitats, and that a failure to stem broad-scale loss and degradation of such habitats could sharply increase the likelihood of serious biodiversity declines.
Journal ArticleDOI
CTFS-ForestGEO: A worldwide network monitoring forests in an era of global change
Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira,Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira,Stuart J. Davies,Stuart J. Davies,Amy C. Bennett,Erika Gonzalez-Akre,Helene C. Muller-Landau,S. Joseph Wright,Kamariah Abu Salim,Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano,Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano,Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano,Alfonso Alonso,Jennifer L. Baltzer,Yves Basset,Norman A. Bourg,Eben N. Broadbent,Eben N. Broadbent,Eben N. Broadbent,Warren Y. Brockelman,Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin,David F. R. P. Burslem,Nathalie Butt,Nathalie Butt,Min Cao,Dairon Cárdenas,George B. Chuyong,Keith Clay,Susan Cordell,H. S. Dattaraja,Xiaobao Deng,Matteo Detto,Xiaojun Du,Alvaro Duque,David L. Erikson,Corneille E. N. Ewango,Gunter A. Fischer,Christine Fletcher,Robin B. Foster,Christian P. Giardina,Gregory S. Gilbert,Gregory S. Gilbert,Nimal Gunatilleke,Savitri Gunatilleke,Zhanqing Hao,William W. Hargrove,Terese B. Hart,Billy C.H. Hau,Fangliang He,Forrest M. Hoffman,Robert W. Howe,Stephen P. Hubbell,Stephen P. Hubbell,Faith Inman-Narahari,Patrick A. Jansen,Patrick A. Jansen,Mingxi Jiang,Daniel J. Johnson,Mamoru Kanzaki,Abdul Rahman Kassim,David Kenfack,David Kenfack,Staline Kibet,Margaret F. Kinnaird,Lisa Korte,Kamil Král,Jitendra Kumar,Andrew J. Larson,Yide Li,Xiankun Li,Shirong Liu,Shawn K. Y. Lum,James A. Lutz,Keping Ma,Damian M. Maddalena,Jean-Remy Makana,Yadvinder Malhi,Toby R. Marthews,Rafizah Mat Serudin,Sean M. McMahon,Sean M. McMahon,William J. McShea,Hervé Memiaghe,Xiangcheng Mi,Takashi Mizuno,Michael D. Morecroft,Jonathan Myers,Vojtech Novotny,Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira,Perry S. Ong,David A. Orwig,Rebecca Ostertag,Jan den Ouden,Geoffrey G. Parker,Richard P. Phillips,Lawren Sack,Moses N. Sainge,Weiguo Sang,Kriangsak Sri-ngernyuang,Raman Sukumar,I-Fang Sun,Witchaphart Sungpalee,H. S. Suresh,Sylvester Tan,Sean C. Thomas,Duncan W. Thomas,Jill Thompson,Benjamin L. Turner,María Uriarte,Renato Valencia,Marta I. Vallejo,Alberto Vicentini,Tomáš Vrška,Xihua Wang,Xugao Wang,George D. Weiblen,Amy Wolf,Han Xu,Sandra L. Yap,Jess K. Zimmerman +119 more
TL;DR: The broad suite of measurements made at CTFS-ForestGEO sites makes it possible to investigate the complex ways in which global change is impacting forest dynamics, and continued monitoring will provide vital contributions to understanding worldwide forest diversity and dynamics in an era of global change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increasing liana abundance and biomass in tropical forests: emerging patterns and putative mechanisms
TL;DR: To determine whether liana increases are occurring throughout the tropics and to determine the mechanisms responsible for the observed patterns, a widespread network of large-scale, long-term monitoring plots combined with observational and manipulative studies that more directly investigate the putative mechanisms are essential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drivers and Mechanisms of Tree Mortality in Moist Tropical Forests
Nate G. McDowell,Craig D. Allen,Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira,Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira,Paulo M. Brando,Roel J. W. Brienen,Jeffrey Q. Chambers,B. O. Christoffersen,Stuart J. Davies,Christopher E. Doughty,Alvaro Duque,Fernando Del Bon Espírito-Santo,Rosie A. Fisher,Clarissa G. Fontes,David W. Galbraith,Devin W. Goodsman,Charlotte Grossiord,Henrik Hartmann,Jennifer A. Holm,Daniel J. Johnson,Abd Rahman Kassim,Michael Keller,Michael Keller,Michael Keller,Charles D. Koven,Lara M. Kueppers,Lara M. Kueppers,Tomo'omi Kumagai,Yadvinder Malhi,Sean M. McMahon,Maurizio Mencuccini,Patrick Meir,Patrick Meir,Paul R. Moorcroft,Helene C. Muller-Landau,Oliver L. Phillips,Thomas M. Powell,Carlos A. Sierra,John S. Sperry,Jeffrey M. Warren,Chonggang Xu,Xiangtao Xu +41 more
TL;DR: The state of knowledge regarding MTF tree mortality is reviewed, a conceptual framework with testable hypotheses regarding the drivers, mechanisms and interactions that may underlie increasing MTF mortality rates are created, and the next steps for improved understanding and reduced prediction are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altered dynamics of forest recovery under a changing climate
Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira,Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira,Adam D. Miller,Jacqueline E. Mohan,Tara W. Hudiburg,Benjamin D. Duval,Evan H. DeLucia +6 more
TL;DR: Three separate lines of evidence are reviewed, which together demonstrate that the dynamics of forest recovery are being impacted by increasing atmospheric CO2 and changing climate.
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TL;DR: The importance of lianas to many aspects of forest dynamics will grow and the rate of tropical forest disturbance increases, they are likely to increase in relative abundance throughout the tropics.
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