Bethlehem Steel

About: Bethlehem Steel is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coating & Corrosion. The organization has 1529 authors who have published 1559 publications receiving 19098 citations. The organization is also known as: Bethlehem Steel Corporation.

Microstructural Control in Microalloyed Steels

Abstract: High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels constitute a classic metallurgical development in which alloying additions and thermomechanical processing have been brought together effectively to attain desired combinations of engineering properties through microstructural control. Moreover, the microstructural control is relatively inexpensive because the alloying elements are used only in small concentrations as carbide-formers, and the associated thermomechanical processing is introduced merely as a modification of the final hot-rolling operation. A key feature of the resulting microstructure is the small ferritic grain size that provides a favorable balance of strength and toughness in the as-rolled steel. Here, we examine the interactions in columbium-treated HSLA steels among austenite chemistry, plastic deformation, strain-induced carbonitride precipitation, recrystallization characteristics, and the subsequent transformation of the thermomechanically-processed or conditioned austenite to the final ferrite-based structures. The latter transformations are studied in order to relate the ferrite nucleation and growth as well as its ultimate morphology to the state of the prior austenite.

Bake hardenable vanadium containing steel and method of making thereof

Abstract: Rolled articles such as hot rolled or cold rolled and annealed sheet and/or strip include effective amounts of vanadium in low carbon steels to produce an improved bake hardenable product especially adapted for automotive use. The use of vanadium in the alloy steel chemistry controls bake hardenability, permits solution annealing at lower temperatures in its manufacturing sequence and specifies a composition range which is more easily cast within desired limits and causes less variation in final mechanical properties.

Tunnel segment and method of making same

Abstract: This invention relates to the method and apparatus for manufacturing tunnel lining segmients of structural steel and is more particularly adapted to the manner of assembling and holding the parts of which the tunnel segments, t are formed to facilitate welding of the same together to produce...

Strength of Beams as Determined by Lateral Buckling

Abstract: USUAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF BEAMS PROVIDE FOR REDUCING THE ALLOWABLE UNIT STRESS OF THE COMPRESSION FLANGE AS THE UNSUPPORTED SPAN LENGTH INCREASES, TO GUARD AGAINST LATERAL BUCKLING. SUCH PROVISIONS RELATE THIS REDUCTION ONLY TO THE RATIO OF UNSUPPORTED BEAM LENGTH TO FLANGE WIDTH, THUS NEGLECTING THE INFLUENCE OF (1) THE HORIZONTAL MOMENT OF INERTIA OF THE COMPRESSION FLANGE, AND (2) THE RESTRAINT AFFORDED BY THE TENSION FLANGE, WHICH DECREASES AS THE DEPTH OF THE BEAM INCREASES. MATHEMATICAL FORMULAS ARE DEVELOPED BY AN EXTENSION AND EVALUATION OF THE TREATMENT OF THIS PROBLEM GIVEN BY S. TIMOSHENKO. TYPICAL FORMULAS ARE PROPOSED FOR INCLUSION IN SPECIFICATIONS, AND ADDITIONAL FORMULAS FOR SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS ARE DERIVED AND THEIR APPLICATION DESCRIBED. BY INVESTIGATING THE STRENGTH OF STEEL BEAMS IN LATERAL BUCKLING, IT HAS BEEN SHOWN THAT THE CRITICAL STRESSES OF ROLLED BEAMS CAN BE GROUPED TO FOLLOW A GOOD PATTERN AND THAT WORKING FORMULAS CAN BE DERIVED FROM THEM. FOR ALL COMPUTATIONS IT IS ASSUMED THAT THE BEAMS AT THEIR SUPPORTS ARE HELD IN VERTICAL POSITIONS. BEAMS WITH ECCENTRICALLY APPLIED LOADS ARE TORSIONAL PROBLEMS AND HAVE NOT BEEN INCLUDED. COMMONLY USED BEAM SECTIONS AND PLATE GIRDERS ARE DISCUSSED. CHANNELS, ZEES, ANGLES, AND OTHER UNSYMMETRICAL SECTIONS ARE SELDOM USED AS LONG BEAMS, AND IT IS PROPOSED TO ALLOW THE SAME UNIT STRESS FOR THEM AS FOR SYMMETRICAL SECTIONS. THE DEVIATION OF STRESSES OF THE PROPOSED FORMULAS FROM THOSE OF OTHER BEAM FORMULAS IS NEGLIGIBLE FOR SHORT BEAMS, AND THESE UNSYMMETRICAL SECTIONS DO NOT SEEM TO DESERVE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION.