Institution
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Nonprofit•Laxenburg, Austria•
About: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is a nonprofit organization based out in Laxenburg, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Greenhouse gas. The organization has 1369 authors who have published 5075 publications receiving 280467 citations. The organization is also known as: IIASA.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the role of land in long-run climate stabilization mitigation scenarios and conclude that land based mitigation could be a steady and significant part of the cost-effective portfolio of mitigation strategies, thereby reducing stabilization cost and increasing flexibility for achieving more aggressive climate targets.
104 citations
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, a broad and multifaceted bi-directional interplay between sustainable development and climate actions in a 1.5°C warmer world is considered. And the authors also examine synergies and trade-offs of adaptation and mitigation options with sustainabledevelopment and the SDGs and offer insights into possible pathways.
Abstract: This chapter takes sustainable development as the starting point
and focus for analysis. It considers the broad and multifaceted
bi-directional interplay between sustainable development, including
its focus on eradicating poverty and reducing inequality in their
multidimensional aspects, and climate actions in a 1.5°C warmer world.
These fundamental connections are embedded in the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs). The chapter also examines synergies
and trade-offs of adaptation and mitigation options with sustainable
development and the SDGs and offers insights into possible pathways,
especially climate-resilient development pathways towards a 1.5°C
warmer world.
104 citations
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Nanjing Agricultural University1, University of Montpellier2, University of Bonn3, University of Copenhagen4, SupAgro5, Lincoln University (New Zealand)6, CGIAR7, University of Leeds8, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research9, Goddard Institute for Space Studies10, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation11, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center12, Washington State University13, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University14, Comenius University in Bratislava15, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis16, Michigan State University17, University of Florence18, James Hutton Institute19, European Food Safety Authority20, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech21, Spanish National Research Council22, University of Göttingen23, University of Hohenheim24, University of Florida25, Texas A&M University26, University of Maryland, College Park27, Indian Agricultural Research Institute28, Institut national de la recherche agronomique29, Rothamsted Research30, Wageningen University and Research Centre31, Chinese Academy of Sciences32, Beijing Normal University33, China Agricultural University34
TL;DR: The projected global impact of warming <2°C on wheat production is therefore not evenly distributed and will affect regional food security across the globe as well as food prices and trade.
Abstract: Efforts to limit global warming to below 2°C in relation to the pre‐industrial level are under way, in accordance with the 2015 Paris Agreement. However, most impact research on agriculture to date has focused on impacts of warming >2°C on mean crop yields, and many previous studies did not focus sufficiently on extreme events and yield interannual variability. Here, with the latest climate scenarios from the Half a degree Additional warming, Prognosis and Projected Impacts (HAPPI) project, we evaluated the impacts of the 2015 Paris Agreement range of global warming (1.5 and 2.0°C warming above the pre‐industrial period) on global wheat production and local yield variability. A multi‐crop and multi‐climate model ensemble over a global network of sites developed by the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) for Wheat was used to represent major rainfed and irrigated wheat cropping systems. Results show that projected global wheat production will change by −2.3% to 7.0% under the 1.5°C scenario and −2.4% to 10.5% under the 2.0°C scenario, compared to a baseline of 1980–2010, when considering changes in local temperature, rainfall, and global atmospheric CO2 concentration, but no changes in management or wheat cultivars. The projected impact on wheat production varies spatially; a larger increase is projected for temperate high rainfall regions than for moderate hot low rainfall and irrigated regions. Grain yields in warmer regions are more likely to be reduced than in cooler regions. Despite mostly positive impacts on global average grain yields, the frequency of extremely low yields (bottom 5 percentile of baseline distribution) and yield interannual variability will increase under both warming scenarios for some of the hot growing locations, including locations from the second largest global wheat producer—India, which supplies more than 14% of global wheat. The projected global impact of warming <2°C on wheat production is therefore not evenly distributed and will affect regional food security across the globe as well as food prices and trade.
104 citations
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TL;DR: The authors used data from the European Values Surveys and European Social Survey for the period 1981-2008 to establish basic trends in religious attendance and belief across the 10 countries that have been consistently surveyed and found that religious decline is mainly occurring in Catholic European countries and has effectively ceased among post-1945 birth cohorts in six Northwestern European societies where secularization began early.
Abstract: Much of the current debate over secularization in Europe focuses only on the direction of religious change and pays exclusive attention to social causes. Scholars have been less attentive to shifts in the rate of religious decline and to the role of demography - notably fertility and immigration. This article addresses both phenomena. It uses data from the European Values Surveys and European Social Survey for the period 1981-2008 to establish basic trends in religious attendance and belief across the 10 countries that have been consistently surveyed. These show that religious decline is mainly occurring in Catholic European countries and has effectively ceased among post-1945 birth cohorts in six Northwestern European societies where secularization began early. It also provides a cohort-component projection of religious affiliation for two European countries using fertility, migration, switching, and age and sex-structure parameters derived from census and immigration data. These suggest that Western Europe may be more religious at the end of our century than at its beginning.
104 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a technoeconomic analysis of upgraded sugarcane biorefineries in Brazil, aiming at utilizing surplus bagasse and cane trash for electricity and/or ethanol production.
103 citations
Authors
Showing all 1418 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Martin A. Nowak | 148 | 591 | 94394 |
Paul J. Crutzen | 130 | 461 | 80651 |
Andreas Richter | 110 | 769 | 48262 |
David G. Streets | 106 | 364 | 42154 |
Drew Shindell | 102 | 340 | 49481 |
Wei Liu | 102 | 2927 | 65228 |
Jean-Francois Lamarque | 100 | 385 | 55326 |
Frank Dentener | 97 | 220 | 58666 |
James W. Vaupel | 89 | 434 | 34286 |
Keywan Riahi | 87 | 318 | 58030 |
Larry W. Horowitz | 85 | 253 | 28706 |
Robert J. Scholes | 84 | 253 | 37019 |
Mark A. Sutton | 83 | 423 | 30716 |
Brian Walsh | 82 | 233 | 29589 |
Börje Johansson | 82 | 871 | 30985 |