Ohio State University

About: Ohio State University is a education organization based out in Columbus, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 102421 authors who have published 222715 publications receiving 8373403 citations. The organization is also known as: Ohio State & The Ohio State University.

Incorporation of Bevacizumab in the Primary Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

Abstract: METHODS In our double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned eligible patients with newly diagnosed stage III (incompletely resectable) or stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer who had undergone debulking surgery to receive one of three treatments All three included chemotherapy consisting of intravenous paclitaxel at a dose of 175 mg per square meter of body-surface area, plus carboplatin at an area under the curve of 6, for cycles 1 through 6, plus a study treatment for cycles 2 through 22, each cycle of 3 weeks’ duration The control treatment was chemotherapy with placebo added in cycles 2 through 22; bevacizumab-initiation treatment was che motherapy with bevacizumab (15 mg per kilogram of body weight) added in cycles 2 through 6 and placebo added in cycles 7 through 22 Bevacizumab-throughout treatment was chemotherapy with bevacizumab added in cycles 2 through 22 The primary end point was progression-free survival RESULTS Overall, 1873 women were enrolled The median progression-free survival was 103 months in the control group, 112 in the bevacizumab-initiation group, and 141 in the bevacizumab-throughout group Relative to control treatment, the hazard ratio for progression or death was 0908 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0795 to 1040; P = 016) with bevacizumab initiation and 0717 (95% CI, 0625 to 0824; P<0001) with bevacizumab throughout At the time of analysis, 763% of patients were alive, with no significant differences in overall survival among the three groups The rate of hypertension requiring medical therapy was higher in the bevacizumab-initiation group (165%) and the bevacizumab-throughout group (229%) than in the control group (72%) Gastrointestinal-wall disruption requiring medical intervention occurred in 12%, 28%, and 26% of patients in the control group, the bevacizumab-initiation group, and the bevacizumab-throughout group, respectively CONCLUSIONS The use of bevacizumab during and up to 10 months after carboplatin and pacli taxel chemotherapy prolongs the median progression-free survival by about 4 months in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and Genentech; ClinicalTrialsgov number, NCT00262847)

A Meta-analysis of Depression During Pregnancy and the Risk of Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Abstract: Context Maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy have been reported in some, but not all, studies to be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Objective To estimate the risk of PTB, LBW, and IUGR associated with antenatal depression. Data Sources and Study Selection We searched for English-language and non–English-language articles via the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Social Work Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, and Dissertation Abstracts International databases (January 1980 through December 2009). We aimed to include prospective studies reporting data on antenatal depression and at least 1 adverse birth outcome: PTB ( Data Extraction Information was extracted on study characteristics, antenatal depression measurement, and other biopsychosocial risk factors and was reviewed twice to minimize error. Data Synthesis Pooled relative risks (RRs) for the effect of antenatal depression on each birth outcome were calculated using random-effects methods. In studies of PTB, LBW, and IUGR that used a categorical depression measure, pooled effect sizes were significantly larger (pooled RR [95% confidence interval] = 1.39 [1.19-1.61], 1.49 [1.25-1.77], and 1.45 [1.05-2.02], respectively) compared with studies that used a continuous depression measure (1.03 [1.00-1.06], 1.04 [0.99-1.09], and 1.02 [1.00-1.04], respectively). The estimates of risk for categorically defined antenatal depression and PTB and LBW remained significant when the trim-and-fill procedure was used to correct for publication bias. The risk of LBW associated with antenatal depression was significantly larger in developing countries (RR = 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.43-2.93) compared with the United States (RR = 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.21) or European social democracies (RR = 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-1.47). Categorically defined antenatal depression tended to be associated with an increased risk of PTB among women of lower socioeconomic status in the United States. Conclusions Women with depression during pregnancy are at increased risk for PTB and LBW, although the magnitude of the effect varies as a function of depression measurement, country location, and US socioeconomic status. An important implication of these findings is that antenatal depression should be identified through universal screening and treated.

In-Band Full-Duplex Wireless: Challenges and Opportunities

Abstract: In-band full-duplex (IBFD) operation has emerged as an attractive solution for increasing the throughput of wireless communication systems and networks. With IBFD, a wireless terminal is allowed to transmit and receive simultaneously in the same frequency band. This tutorial paper reviews the main concepts of IBFD wireless. Because one the biggest practical impediments to IBFD operation is the presence of self-interference, i.e., the interference caused by an IBFD node's own transmissions to its desired receptions, this tutorial surveys a wide range of IBFD self-interference mitigation techniques. Also discussed are numerous other research challenges and opportunities in the design and analysis of IBFD wireless systems.