University of California

About: University of California is a education organization based out in Oakland, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Layer (electronics). The organization has 55175 authors who have published 52933 publications receiving 1491169 citations. The organization is also known as: UC & University of California System.

The rise of entrepreneurial activity at universities: organizational and societal implications

Abstract: Universities are increasingly emphasizing the creation of new companies as a mechanism for commercialization of intellectual property. This special issue provides a timely opportunity to assess the rise of entrepreneurial activity at universities and its organizational and societal implications. In this introductory article, we summarize the papers from the special issue and frame them in the context of the literature. In the concluding section, we discuss some organizational and societal issues that arise from these papers.

Youth Empowerment and High School Gay-Straight Alliances

Abstract: In the field of positive youth development programs, “empowerment” is used interchangeably with youth activism, leadership, civic participation and self-efficacy. However, few studies have captured what empowerment means to young people in diverse contexts. This article explores how youth define and experience empowerment in youth-led organizations characterized by social justice goals: high school Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs). Through focus group interviews, fifteen youth leaders of GSAs from different regions of California explain what they think empowerment means and how they became empowered through their involvement with the GSA. Youth describe three inter-related dimensions of empowerment: personal empowerment, relational empowerment, and strategic empowerment through having and using knowledge. When these three dimensions are experienced in combination, GSA leaders have the potential for individual and collective empowerment as agents of social change at school. By understanding these youth’s perspectives on the meanings of empowerment, this article clarifies the conceptual arena for future studies of socially marginalized youth and of positive youth development.

Nanowires, nanostructures and devices fabricated therefrom

Abstract: One-dimensional nanostructures having uniform diameters of less than approximately 200 nm. These inventive nanostructures, which we refer to as “nanowires”, include single-crystalline homostructures as well as heterostructures of at least two single-crystalline materials having different chemical compositions. Because single-crystalline materials are used to form the heterostructure, the resultant heterostructure will be single-crystalline as well. The nanowire heterostructures are generally based on a semiconducting wire wherein the doping and composition are controlled in either the longitudinal or radial directions, or in both directions, to yield a wire that comprises different materials. Examples of resulting nanowire heterostructures include a longitudinal heterostructure nanowire (LOHN) and a coaxial heterostructure nanowire (COHN).

Determination of Protein Secondary Structure

Abstract: Circular dichroism (CD) is one of the most sensitive physical techniques for determining structures and monitoring structural changes of biomolecules. It can directly interpret the changes of protein secondary structure, even though the method is empirical. The far-ultraviolet (far-UV) CD specra (below 250 nm) of proteins are extremely sensitive toward protein structure, and the near-UV spectra reflect the contributions of aromatic side chains, disulfide bonds, and induced CD bands of prosthetic groups. Together these measurements provide information about the overall structure of a protein molecule as well as its local conformation around the aromatic and prosthetic groups and disulfide linkages. The ease of CD measurements is attractive, but CD, unlike two other powerful techniques—x-ray diffraction of protein crystals and NMR for protein solutions—cannot determine the three-dimensional structure of a protein. In this chapter we will discuss several methods of CD analysis of proteins, which can provide estimates of α helix, β sheet, β turn, and unordered form. These empirical methods utilize a set of reference proteins of known structure from x-ray diffraction studies. Thus, proteins are presumed to have the same structure in the crystalline state and in aqueous solution.

Ultra-wideband radar motion sensor

Abstract: A motion sensor is based on ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. UWB radar range is determined by a pulse-echo interval. For motion detection, the sensors (40) operate by staring at a fixed ranged and then sensing any change in the averaged radar reflectivity at that range. A sampling gate (figure 4) is opened at a fixed delay after the emission of a transmit pulse. The resultant sampling gate output is averaged over repeated pulses. Changes in the averaged sampling gate output represent changes in the radar reflectivity at a particular range, and thus motion.