University of Veterinary Science

About: University of Veterinary Science is a education organization based out in Pyinmana, Myanmar. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Receptor. The organization has 597 authors who have published 650 publications receiving 14262 citations.

Investigations on urinary estrogen excretion from ewes with special reference to the clinical condition of the genital tract. II. Pregnancy and puerperium.

Abstract: Summary Urinary estrogen excretion was determined by thin-layer chromatography and the Kober-Ittrich reaction in 5 ewes during pregnancy and the Puerperium. It is found that 17-alpha estradiol forms the main metabolite of the estrogen fractions and that estrone was excreted in considerable amounts, while estriol was present in the lowest amount. The average excretion of total estrogens in the first period (from the 26th day to 82nd day) of pregnancy was 113.23 μg./liter and in the second period (from the 82nd day to 135th day) it was 176.64 μg./liter. The average value of these steroids one day before parturition was 217.13 μg./liter. On the day of parturition this value rose to 450.59 μg./liter. After parturition an abrupt decrease in the excretion of these hormones was noticed, followed by an increase 17 days later. Small-sized arborization was demonstrated many times during pregnancy, while the large typical form was observed one day before and on the 17th day after parturition. Granulation was always present during gestation. An apparent relation between the physical changes in the cervical mucus and the incidence of arborization as well as the output of urinary estrogens was apparent. The clinical changes in the cervix, vagina and vulva during late pregnancy started on the 110th day and gradually progressed until they became very marked and evident just before parturition. The clinical appearance of these regions resembled those of the nonpregnant ewe on the 21st day post-partum. Zusammenfassung Die Oestrogenausscheidung im Urin von Schafen mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des klinischen Befundes am Genitaltrakt II. Graviditat und Puerperium Bei 5 Schafen wurde wahrend der Graviditat und des Puerperiums die Ostrogenausscheidung im Urin mittels der Dunnschichtchromatographie und der Kober-Ittrich-Reaktion untersucht. 17 α-Ostradiol bildet die Hauptostrogenfraktion, auch Ostron wird in erheblichen Mengen ausgeschieden, wahrend Ostriol nur in kleinen Mengen gefunden wurde. Die durchschnittlichen Ausscheidungsquoten betrugen: 1) 26. bis 82. Tag der Graviditat 113,23 μg/Liter, 2) 82. bis 135. Tag der Graviditat 176,64 μg/Liter, 3) ein Tag vor der Geburt 217,13 μg/Liter, 4) am Tag der Geburt 450,59 μg/Liter. Nach der Geburt trat vorerst ein rapider Abfall der Hormonexkretion ein, dem aber 17 Tage spater ein Wiederanstieg folgte. Wahrend der Graviditat zeigte der Zervixschleim ein kleines Arborisationsmuster. Ein Tag vor der Geburt und am 17. Tag nach derselben wurde ein groses Arborisationsmuster des Zervixschleimes beobachtet. Wahrend der Graviditat wurde immer ein Granulationsmuster festgestellt. Zwischen den physikalischen Anderungen und des Auftretens des Arborisationsmusters des Zervixschleimes und der Grose der Ostrogenausscheidung im Harn bestehen gesetzmasige Beziehungen. Die klinischen Veranderungen an der Zervix, Vagina und Vulva begannen sich am 110. Tag der Graviditat bemerkbar zu machen und wurden kurz vor der Geburt sehr deutlich. Die klinischen Erscheinungen waren denen bei nichtgraviden Tieren am 21. Tag post-partum ahnlich. Resume L'excretion urinaire d'oestrogenes chez les moutons, a l'appui des observations cliniques du tractus genital II. Gravidite et etat puerperal On analyse, a l'aide de la chromatographie en couche mince et de la reaction de Kober-Ittrich, l'excretion des oestrogenes dans l'urine de 5 moutons, pendant la gestation et la puerperalite. C'est le 17 α-oestradiol qui forme la fraction oestrogenique principale, mais l'on trouve egalement l'oestrone en quantites importantes, alors que l'oestriol n'est excrete qu'en faibles quantites. On obtient les valeurs suivantes de l'excretion moyenne: 1) du 26eme au 82eme jour de la gravidite 113,23 μg/litre, 2) du 82eme au 135eme jour de la gravidite 176,64 μg/litre, 3) un jour avant la naissance 217,13 μg/litre, 4) le jour de la naissance 450,59 μg/litre. Apres la naissance, il se produit premierement une chute rapide de l'excretion hormonale, suivie d'une nouvelle hausse 17 jours plus tard. Pendant la gravidite, le mucus cervical presente un petit dessin d'arborisation. Un jour avant la naissance et 17 jours apres, on observe un grand dessin d'arborisation du mucus cervical. Pendant la gravidite, on trouve constamment un dessin de granulation. Il existe des relations definies entre les modifications physiques du mucus cervical et l'apparition du dessin d'arborisation et l'importance de l'excretion urinaire oestrogenique. Les modifications cliniques du cervix, du vagin et de la vulve commencent a etre visibles le 110eme jour de la gravidite, elles sont tres nettes peu avant la naissance. Le 21eme jour post partum, les manifestations cliniques sont semblables a celles des animaux non gravides. Resumen La excrecion estrogena en la orina de ovejas, con la consideracion especial del hallazgo clinico en el tracto genital II. Gestacion y puerperio En 5 ovejas se examino, durante la gestacion y el puerperio, la excrecion estrogena en la orina mediante la cromatografia en capa delgada y la reaccion de Kober-Ittrich. 17 α-estradiol forma la fraccion estrogena principal, tambien estrona se elimina en cantidades considerables, mientras que estriol solo se hallo en cantidades pequenas. Las porciones medias eliminadas alcanzaron: 1) 26° hasta 82° dia de gestacion 113,23 μg/litro, 2) 82° hasta 135° dia de gestacion 176,64 μg/litro, 3) un dia antes del parto 217,13 μg/litro, 4) en el dia de la paricion 450,59 μg/litro. Tras el parto se produjo en seguida un descenso rapido de la excrecion hormonica, pero 17 dias mas tarde seguia un aumento nuevo. Durante la gestacion mostraba el moco cervical un modelo pequeno de arborizacion. Un dia antes del parto y el dia 17° despues del mismo se observo un modelo grande de arborizacion en el moco cervical. Durante la prenez siempre se aprecio un modelo de granulacion. Existen relaciones ciertas entre las alteraciones fisicas y la aparicion del modelo de arborizacion del moco cervical y la cantidad de estrogeno excretada con la orina. Las alteraciones clinicas en el cuello del utero, vagina y vulva ya comenzaron a marcarse el dia 110° de gestacion, tornandose muy precisas poco antes del parto. Las manifestaciones clinicas eran semejantes a las de los animales no gestantes en el dia 21° post partum.

Development of leucaena mimosine-degrading bacteria in the rumen of sheep in Myanmar

Abstract: Myanmar has an agricultural base, and about 70% of people reside in rural areas. They depend for survival on agriculture and small-scale crop production, with ruminant livestock consuming fibrous agricultural residues. For optimal ruminant production, concentrates are needed as supplements to these residues. As concentrates are expensive, researchers are testing alternative protein sources like legumes, including foliage from leguminous trees such as leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala). Leucaena is the most widely used leguminous tree as a ruminant feed because it is rich in protein (~ 22%) and contains easily digestible fiber (23% neutral detergent fiber, 16.6% acid detergent fiber; Ni Ni Maw 2004). Khin Htay Myint (2005) noted that 25% of leucaena in the ration tended to increase nitrogen retention without decreasing dry matter and organic matter digestibilities. However, leucaena leaves contain a toxic non-protein amino acid, called mimosine. Research workers have endeavored to reduce mimosine toxicity in animals fed leucaena in Myanmar (Aung Aung 2007; Wink Phyo Thu 2010) and one avenue of research was the development of mimosine-degrading bacteria in the rumen of sheep fed leucaena. In this paper we describe an experiment tracing the development of mimosine-degrading bacteria in the rumen of sheep.

Changes in the serum levels of primary bile acids in dairy cows.

Abstract: Serum cholic acid (SCA) and serum chenodeoxycholic acid (SCDCA) concentrations were determined in healthy dairy cows by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The levels of these two primary bile acids were correlated with the cows' reproductive status. The lowest concentrations were measured in dry cows (SCA: 7.8 +/- 3.3 mumol/l, SCDCA.: 1.5 +/- 1.0 mumol/l). In freshly calved cows SCA and SCDCA was 17.8 +/- 6.9 mumol/l and 2.3 +/- 1.0 mumol/l, respectively, while in milking cows SCA and SCDCA was 15.8 +/- 5.7 and 2.3 +/- 0.8 mumol/l, respectively. SCA concentration showed a characteristic change on the days immediately after calving: on calving day it was close to the mean SCA concentration found for dry cows, then it underwent a striking abrupt rise and reached the value typical of post-parturient cows by post-partum (PP) day 4-5. Cholic acid was found to be the major primary bile acid in the blood of dairy cows. In dry cows the SCA:SCDCA ratio is 5:1. If the serum bile acid concentration rises, the SCA:SCDCA ratio will increase further.