Dramatic rise in plasma viremia after CD8+ T cell depletion in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques
Xia Jin,Daniel E. Bauer,Sarah Tuttleton,Sharon R Lewin,Agegnehu Gettie,James Blanchard,Craig E. Irwin,Jeffrey T. Safrit,John E. Mittler,Leor S. Weinberger,Leondios G. Kostrikis,Linqi Zhang,Alan S. Perelson,David D. Ho +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo and are examined using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F.Abstract:
To determine the role of CD8(+) T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.read more
Citations
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Effects of MHC class I on HIV/SIV disease in primates.
TL;DR: HIV-1 may eventually have conspicuous evolutionary effects on HLA and other AIDS restriction genes, a prolonged process that could have occurred in chimpanzee, and to prevent such an outcome, it will be necessary to apply comprehensively the knowledge gained to the successful control of the virus.
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AIDS pathogenesis: a tale of two monkeys.
TL;DR: A series of recent studies has allowed the identification of key similarities and differences between the two models of infection, and the main implications in terms of HIV pathogenesis, therapy, and vaccines are reviewed.
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Cytokine flow cytometry: a multiparametric approach for assessing cellular immune responses to viral antigens.
TL;DR: It is suggested that automated cytokine flow cytometry (CFC) is an efficient approach to the measurement of the complex interplay of multiple immune parameters involved in immune protection.
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Statistical considerations for the design and analysis of the ELISpot assay in HIV-1 vaccine trials
Michael G. Hudgens,Steven G. Self,Ya Lin Chiu,Nina D. Russell,Helen Horton,M. Juliana McElrath,M. Juliana McElrath +6 more
TL;DR: Simulation results under a variety of scenarios suggest that a permutation-based criterion using a resampling adjustment for multiple comparisons yields the desired false positive rate while remaining competitive with other potential criteria in terms of sensitivity.
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DNA Vaccination for HIV-1 and SIV
Dan H. Barouch,Norman L. Letvin +1 more
TL;DR: Control of the worldwide AIDS epidemic will only be achieved with a safe and effective prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine and a number of approaches are being investigated to augment DNA vaccine-elicited immune responses.
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