Dramatic rise in plasma viremia after CD8+ T cell depletion in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques
Xia Jin,Daniel E. Bauer,Sarah Tuttleton,Sharon R Lewin,Agegnehu Gettie,James Blanchard,Craig E. Irwin,Jeffrey T. Safrit,John E. Mittler,Leor S. Weinberger,Leondios G. Kostrikis,Linqi Zhang,Alan S. Perelson,David D. Ho +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo and are examined using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F.Abstract:
To determine the role of CD8(+) T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.read more
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Chimeric human papilloma virus-simian/human immunodeficiency virus virus-like-particle vaccines: immunogenicity and protective efficacy in macaques.
C. Jane Dale,Xiao Song Song Liu,Robert De Rose,Damian F. J. Purcell,Jenny L. Anderson,Yan Xu,Graham R. Leggatt,Ian H. Frazer,Stephen J. Kent +8 more
TL;DR: Although some immunogenicity and partial protection was observed in non-human primates receiving both DNA and chimeric HPV-SHIV VLP vaccines, significant improvements in vaccine design are required before this approach can confidently proceed to clinical trials.
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Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies and Gag-Specific Cellular Immune Responses to an R5 Primary Isolate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Rhesus Macaques
David C. Montefiori,Jeffrey T. Safrit,S. L. Lydy,Ashley P. Barry,Miroslawa Bilska,Ha T. T. Vo,Michel Klein,James Tartaglia,Harriet L. Robinson,Benjamin Rovinski +9 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the feasibility of generating neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses that target an R5 primary HIV-1 isolate by vaccination in primates.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Human Breast Milk
Steffanie Sabbaj,Bradley H. Edwards,Mrinal K. Ghosh,Katherine Semrau,Sanford Cheelo,Donald M. Thea,Louise Kuhn,G. Douglas Ritter,Mark J. Mulligan,Paul A. Goepfert,Grace M. Aldrovandi +10 more
TL;DR: The presence of HIV-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8+ CTLs in breast milk suggests a role in limiting transmission and provides a rationale for vaccine strategies to enhance these responses.
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Lentiviral Vector-Based Prime/Boost Vaccination against AIDS: Pilot Study Shows Protection against Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac251 Challenge in Macaques
Anne-Sophie Beignon,Karine Mollier,Christelle Liard,Frédéric Coutant,Sandie Munier,Julie Rivière,Philippe Souque,Pierre Charneau +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown in a first proof-of-concept pilot study that a prime/boost vaccination strategy using lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with a glycoprotein G from two non-cross-reactive vesicular stomatitis virus serotypes elicited robust and broad cellular immune responses against the vector-encoded antigen, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) GAG, in cynomolgus macaques.
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Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses directed against regulatory and accessory proteins in HIV-1 infection.
TL;DR: The data indicate that despite the small size of these proteins regulatory and accessory proteins are targeted by CTL in natural HIV-1 infection, and contribute importantly to the total HIV- 1-specific CD8+ T-cell responses.
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