Dramatic rise in plasma viremia after CD8+ T cell depletion in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques
Xia Jin,Daniel E. Bauer,Sarah Tuttleton,Sharon R Lewin,Agegnehu Gettie,James Blanchard,Craig E. Irwin,Jeffrey T. Safrit,John E. Mittler,Leor S. Weinberger,Leondios G. Kostrikis,Linqi Zhang,Alan S. Perelson,David D. Ho +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo and are examined using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F.Abstract:
To determine the role of CD8(+) T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.read more
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Estimating the Effectiveness of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells from the Dynamics of Viral Immune Escape
TL;DR: It is shown that at least during acute SIV infection, certain antiviral CD8+ T cells can have a significant impact on shortening the longevity of infected CD4-infected T cells and hence on suppressing virus replication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenotype and function of protective T cell immune responses in HIV.
TL;DR: Critical questions remain, however, especially whether polyfunctional T cell responses control, or are controlled by, HIV replication, as well as how polyfunctional responses arise in HIV infection and whether surface phenotype markers provide an indication of protective capacity.
Journal ArticleDOI
CD8+ T-Cell-Mediated Cross-Clade Protection in the Genital Tract following Intranasal Immunization with Inactivated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antigen Plus CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that mucosal (i.n.) immunization induced strong local T-cell-mediated immune responses in the genital tract and cross-clade protection against IVAG challenge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Boosting of SIV-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques by repeated administration of Ad5hr-SIVenv/rev and Ad5hr-SIVgag recombinants.
Jun Zhao,Yuanmei Lou,Joel Pinczewski,Nina Malkevitch,Kristine Aldrich,Vaniambadi S. Kalyanaraman,David Venzon,Bo Peng,L. Jean Patterson,Yvette Edghill-Smith,Ruth A. Woodward,George N. Pavlakis,Marjorie Robert-Guroff +12 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that a second administration of recombinants based in the same Ad5hr vector can effectively boost immunity to inserted gene products, obviating development of several recombinant in different Ad serotypes for multiple immunizations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of Viremia and Prevention of Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Induced Disease in Rhesus Macaques Immunized with Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses plus Inactivated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Particles
Ronald Willey,Russ Byrum,Michael Piatak,Young B. Kim,Michael W. Cho,Jeffrey L. Rossio,Julian W. Bess,Tatsuhiko Igarashi,Yasuyuki Endo,Larry O. Arthur,Jeffrey D. Lifson,Malcolm A. Martin +11 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that despite the protection from SHIV-induced disease, the vaccinated animals still harbored replication-competent and pathogenic virus.
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