Dramatic rise in plasma viremia after CD8+ T cell depletion in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques
Xia Jin,Daniel E. Bauer,Sarah Tuttleton,Sharon R Lewin,Agegnehu Gettie,James Blanchard,Craig E. Irwin,Jeffrey T. Safrit,John E. Mittler,Leor S. Weinberger,Leondios G. Kostrikis,Linqi Zhang,Alan S. Perelson,David D. Ho +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo and are examined using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F.Abstract:
To determine the role of CD8(+) T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.read more
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The hope for an HIV vaccine based on induction of CD8+ T lymphocytes: a review
TL;DR: The central hypothesis of a CTL-based vaccine is that particularly effective CD8(+) lymphocytes directed against at least five epitopes that are derived from regions under functional and structural constraints will control replication of pathogenic SIV.
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HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses and Viral Evolution in Women and Infants
TL;DR: It is document that HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses contribute to the evolution of the viral quasispecies in HIV- 1-infected women and their infants and may have important implications for vaccine design.
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Distinct Evolutionary Pressures Underlie Diversity in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Lineages
Will Fischer,Cristian Apetrei,Cristian Apetrei,Mario L. Santiago,Yingying Li,Rajeev Gautam,Ivona Pandrea,Ivona Pandrea,George M. Shaw,Beatrice H. Hahn,Norman L. Letvin,Gary J. Nabel,Bette T. Korber,Bette T. Korber +13 more
TL;DR: Findings highlight the unique features of human and simian lentiviral evolution that inform studies of pathogenesis and strategies for AIDS vaccine design and add an additional layer of complexity to the interpretation and, potentially, to the predictive utility of the SIV/macaque model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of major histocompatibility complex class I haplotypes with disease progression after simian immunodeficiency virus challenge in burmese rhesus macaques.
Takushi Nomura,Hiroyuki Yamamoto,Teiichiro Shiino,Naofumi Takahashi,Naofumi Takahashi,Taku Nakane,Taku Nakane,Nami Iwamoto,Nami Iwamoto,Hiroshi Ishii,Hiroshi Ishii,Tetsuo Tsukamoto,Miki Kawada,Saori Matsuoka,Akiko Takeda,Kazutaka Terahara,Yasuko Tsunetsugu-Yokota,Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa,Hideki Hasegawa,Tetsutaro Sata,Taeko K. Naruse,Akinori Kimura,Tetsuro Matano,Tetsuro Matano +23 more
TL;DR: The association of MHC-I haplotypes with AIDS progression is indicated and an AIDS model facilitating the analysis of virus-host immune interaction is presented.
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Structural constraints on viral escape from HIV- and SIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
TL;DR: The importance of CTL in controlling HIV/SIV infection is reviewed and how immunologic pressure exerted by effector T cells selects for viral variants that escape CTL recognition are reviewed.
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