Dramatic rise in plasma viremia after CD8+ T cell depletion in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques
Xia Jin,Daniel E. Bauer,Sarah Tuttleton,Sharon R Lewin,Agegnehu Gettie,James Blanchard,Craig E. Irwin,Jeffrey T. Safrit,John E. Mittler,Leor S. Weinberger,Leondios G. Kostrikis,Linqi Zhang,Alan S. Perelson,David D. Ho +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo and are examined using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F.Abstract:
To determine the role of CD8(+) T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.read more
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Strong HIV-1-specific T cell responses in HIV-1-exposed uninfected infants and neonates revealed after regulatory T cell removal.
Fatema A. Legrand,Douglas F. Nixon,Christopher P. Loo,Erika Ono,Joan M. Chapman,Maristela Miyamoto,Ricardo Sobhie Diaz,Amélia Miyashiro Nunes dos Santos,Regina Célia de Menezes Succi,Jacob Abadi,Michael G. Rosenberg,Maria Isabel de Moraes-Pinto,Esper G. Kallas +12 more
TL;DR: This study provides new evidence that EU infants can mount strong HIV-1-specific T cell responses, and that in utero CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory cells may be contributing to the lack of vertical transmission by reducing T cell activation.
Journal ArticleDOI
CD8+ T cells in HIV control, cure and prevention.
David R. Collins,David R. Collins,Gaurav D. Gaiha,Bruce D. Walker,Bruce D. Walker,Bruce D. Walker +5 more
TL;DR: The increasing evidence derived from individuals who spontaneously control infection without antiretroviral therapy as well as preclinical immunization studies that provide a clear rationale for renewed efforts to develop a CD8+ T cell-based HIV vaccine in conjunction with B cell vaccine efforts are discussed.
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Elevated Expression Levels of Inhibitory Receptor Programmed Death 1 on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8 T Cells during Chronic Infection but Not after Vaccination
Vijayakumar Velu,Sunil Kannanganat,Chris C. Ibegbu,Lakshmi Chennareddi,Francois Villinger,Gordon J. Freeman,Rafi Ahmed,Rama Rao Amara +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that SIV-specific CD8 T cells express PD-1 after exposure to antigen but downregulate expression under conditions of antigen clearance and enhance expression underconditions of antigen persistence and that the level ofPD-1 expression per cell plays an important role in regulatingCD8 T-cell dysfunction in pathogenic SIV infection.
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Determination of virus burst size in vivo using a single-cycle SIV in rhesus macaques
TL;DR: This estimate, in conjunction with prior understanding of other quantitative viral and cellular parameters during SIV and HIV infection, provides critical insights into the dynamic process of viral production and its interplay with the infected host in vivo.
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HLA/KIR Restraint of HIV: Surviving the Fittest
TL;DR: Both genetic and functional data indicate that part of the HLA effect on HIV is due to interactions between KIR and HLA genes, also implicating natural killer cells in defense against viral infection and viral expansion prior to initiation of an adaptive response.
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