Dramatic rise in plasma viremia after CD8+ T cell depletion in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques
Xia Jin,Daniel E. Bauer,Sarah Tuttleton,Sharon R Lewin,Agegnehu Gettie,James Blanchard,Craig E. Irwin,Jeffrey T. Safrit,John E. Mittler,Leor S. Weinberger,Leondios G. Kostrikis,Linqi Zhang,Alan S. Perelson,David D. Ho +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo and are examined using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F.Abstract:
To determine the role of CD8(+) T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8(+) T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.read more
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CD8+ Lymphocytes Control Viral Replication in SIVmac239-Infected Rhesus Macaques without Decreasing the Lifespan of Productively Infected Cells
Nichole R. Klatt,Nichole R. Klatt,Emi Shudo,Alex M. Ortiz,Jessica C. Engram,Mirko Paiardini,Benton Lawson,Michael D. Miller,James G. Else,Ivona Pandrea,Jacob D. Estes,Cristian Apetrei,Joern E. Schmitz,Ruy M. Ribeiro,Alan S. Perelson,Guido Silvestri,Guido Silvestri +16 more
TL;DR: The in vivo effect of CD8+ lymphocyte depletion on the lifespan of productively infected cells during chronic SIVmac239 infection of rhesus macaques is assessed and it is found that, in both early (day 57 post-SIV) and late (day 177 post- SIV) chronic Siv infection, depletion of CD9+ lymphocytes did not result in a measurable increase in the lifespan.
Journal ArticleDOI
High Levels of Viral Replication during Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagm Infection Are Rapidly and Strongly Controlled in African Green Monkeys
Ousmane M. Diop,Aïssatou Gueye,Marisa Dias-Tavares,Christopher Kornfeld,Abdourahmane Faye,Patrick Ave,Michel Huerre,Sylvie Corbet,Françoise Barré-Sinoussi,Michaela Müller-Trutwin +9 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the nonpathogenic outcome of SIVagm infection in its natural host is associated with a rapidly induced control of viral replication in response to SIVAGm infection, rather than with a poorly replicating virus or a constitutive host genetic resistance to virus replication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Innate and Adaptive Effector Cell Functions during Acute HIV-1 Infection
Galit Alter,Nickolas Teigen,Ryan Ahern,Hendrik Streeck,Angela Meier,Eric S. Rosenberg,Marcus Altfeld +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that expansion of the NK cell population precedes the development of adaptive HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells during acute infection but that both effector cell subsets respond with similar kinetics during chronic HIV- 1 infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
CD8+ Lymphocytes Are Required for Maintaining Viral Suppression in SIV-Infected Macaques Treated with Short-Term Antiretroviral Therapy
Emily K. Cartwright,Lori M. Spicer,S. Abigail Smith,David E. Lee,Randy Fast,Sara Paganini,Benton Lawson,Melon T. Nega,Kirk A. Easley,Joern E. Schmitz,Steven E. Bosinger,Mirko Paiardini,Ann Chahroudi,Ann Chahroudi,Thomas H. Vanderford,Jacob D. Estes,Jeffrey D. Lifson,Cynthia A. Derdeyn,Guido Silvestri +18 more
TL;DR: It is shown that in SIV-infected RMs treated with short-term ART, depletion of CD8(+) lymphocytes resulted in increased plasma viremia in all animals and that repopulation of CD 8(+) T cells was associated with prompt reestablishment of virus control, suggesting a role for CD8 (+) T-cells in controlling viral production during ART, thus providing a rationale for exploring immunotherapeutic approaches in ART-treated HIV-infect
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Humoral Immune Responses on Controlling Viremia during Primary Infection of Rhesus Monkeys with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Jörn E. Schmitz,Marcelo J. Kuroda,Sampa Santra,Meredith A. Simon,Michelle A. Lifton,Wenyu Lin,Rajinder Khunkhun,Michael Piatak,Jeffrey D. Lifson,Gudrun Großschupff,Rebecca Gelman,Paul Racz,Klara Tenner-Racz,Keith A. Mansfield,Norman L. Letvin,David C. Montefiori,Keith A. Reimann +16 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the rapid decline of peak viremia that typically occurs during the first 3 weeks of infection was not significantly affected by SIV-specific antibodies, and the inverse correlation between neutralizing antibodies and plasma virus level during the postacute phases of infection suggests that humoral immune responses may contribute to the control of SIV replication.
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