Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients
Erez N. Baruch,Erez N. Baruch,Ilan Youngster,Guy Ben-Betzalel,Rona Ortenberg,Adi Lahat,Lior H. Katz,Katerina Adler,Daniela Dick-Necula,Stephen P. Raskin,Stephen P. Raskin,Naamah Bloch,Daniil Rotin,Liat Anafi,Camila Avivi,Jenny Melnichenko,Yael Steinberg-Silman,Ronac Mamtani,Hagit Harati,Nethanel Asher,Ronnie Shapira-Frommer,Tal Brosh-Nissimov,Yael Eshet,Yael Eshet,Shira Ben-Simon,Oren Ziv,Abdul Wadud Khan,Moran Amit,Nadim J. Ajami,Iris Barshack,Iris Barshack,Jacob Schachter,Jacob Schachter,Jennifer A. Wargo,Omry Koren,Gal Markel,Gal Markel,Ben Boursi,Ben Boursi,Ben Boursi +39 more
TLDR
Treatment with FMT was associated with favorable changes in immune cell infiltrates and gene expression profiles in both the gut lamina propria and the tumor microenvironment, which have implications for modulating the gut microbiota in cancer treatment.Abstract:
The gut microbiome has been shown to influence the response of tumors to anti-PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) immunotherapy in preclinical mouse models and observational patient cohorts. However, modulation of gut microbiota in cancer patients has not been investigated in clinical trials. In this study, we performed a phase 1 clinical trial to assess the safety and feasibility of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and reinduction of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in 10 patients with anti-PD-1-refractory metastatic melanoma. We observed clinical responses in three patients, including two partial responses and one complete response. Notably, treatment with FMT was associated with favorable changes in immune cell infiltrates and gene expression profiles in both the gut lamina propria and the tumor microenvironment. These early findings have implications for modulating the gut microbiota in cancer treatment.read more
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Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions
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TL;DR: QIIME 2 development was primarily funded by NSF Awards 1565100 to J.G.C. and R.K.P. and partial support was also provided by the following: grants NIH U54CA143925 and U54MD012388.
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