Plants with double genomes might have had a better chance to survive the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event.
TLDR
It is proposed that polyploidization may have contributed to the survival and propagation of several plant lineages during or following the KT extinction event and might have been better able to adapt to the drastically changed environment 65 million years ago.Abstract:
Mostflowering plants have been shown to be ancient polyploids that have undergone one or more whole genome duplications early in their evolution. Furthermore, many different plant lineages seem to have experienced an additional, more recent genome duplication. Starting from paralogous genes lying in duplicated segments or identified in large expressed sequence tag collections, we dated these youngest duplication events through penalized likelihood phylogenetic tree inference. We show that a majority of these independent genome duplications are clustered in time and seem to coincide with the Cretaceous‐Tertiary (KT) boundary. The KT extinction event is the most recent mass extinction caused by one or more catastrophic events such as a massive asteroid impact and/or increasedvolcanicactivity.Theseeventsarebelievedtohavegenerated global wildfires and dust clouds that cut off sunlight during long periods of time resulting in the extinction of 60% of plant species, as well as a majority of animals, including dinosaurs. Recent studies suggest that polyploid species can have a higher adaptability and increased tolerance to different environmental conditions. We propose that polyploidization may have contributed to the survival and propagation of several plant lineages during or following the KT extinction event. Due to advantages such as altered gene expression leading to hybrid vigor and an increased set of genes and alleles available for selection, polyploid plants might have been better able to adapt to the drastically changed environment 65 million years ago. angiosperms eudicots Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary penalized likelihood polyploidyread more
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Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato.
Xun Xu,Shengkai Pan,Shifeng Cheng,Bo Zhang,Mu D,Peixiang Ni,Gengyun Zhang,Shuang Yang,Ruiqiang Li,Jun Wang,Gisella Orjeda,Frank Guzman,Torres M,Roberto Lozano,Olga Ponce,Diana Martinez,De la Cruz G,Chakrabarti Sk,Patil Vu,Konstantin G. Skryabin,Boris B. Kuznetsov,Nikolai V. Ravin,Tatjana V. Kolganova,Alexey V. Beletsky,Andrey V. Mardanov,Di Genova A,Dan Bolser,David M. A. Martin,Li G,Yang Y,Hanhui Kuang,Hu Q,Xiong X,Gerard J. Bishop,Boris Sagredo,Nilo Mejía,Zagorski W,Robert Gromadka,Jan Gawor,Pawel Szczesny,Sanwen Huang,Zhang Z,Liang C,He J,Li Y,He Y,Xu J,Youjun Zhang,Xie B,Du Y,Qu D,Merideth Bonierbale,Marc Ghislain,Herrera Mdel R,Giovanni Giuliano,Marco Pietrella,Gaetano Perrotta,Paolo Facella,O'Brien K,Sergio Enrique Feingold,Barreiro Le,Massa Ga,Luis Aníbal Diambra,Brett R Whitty,Brieanne Vaillancourt,Lin H,Alicia N. Massa,Geoffroy M,Lundback S,Dean DellaPenna,Buell Cr,Sanjeev Kumar Sharma,David Marshall,Robbie Waugh,Glenn J. Bryan,Destefanis M,Istvan Nagy,Dan Milbourne,Susan Thomson,Mark Fiers,Jeanne M. E. Jacobs,Kåre Lehmann Nielsen,Mads Sønderkær,Marina Iovene,Giovana Augusta Torres,Jiming Jiang,Richard E. Veilleux,Christian W. B. Bachem,de Boer J,Theo Borm,Bjorn Kloosterman,van Eck H,Erwin Datema,Hekkert Bt,Aska Goverse,van Ham Rc,Richard G. F. Visser +96 more
TL;DR: The potato genome sequence provides a platform for genetic improvement of this vital crop and predicts 39,031 protein-coding genes and presents evidence for at least two genome duplication events indicative of a palaeopolyploid origin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ancestral polyploidy in seed plants and angiosperms
Yuannian Jiao,Norman J. Wickett,Saravanaraj Ayyampalayam,André S. Chanderbali,Lena Landherr,Paula E. Ralph,Lynn P. Tomsho,Yi Hu,Haiying Liang,Pamela S. Soltis,Douglas E. Soltis,Sandra W. Clifton,Scott E. Schlarbaum,Stephan C. Schuster,Hong Ma,Jim Leebens-Mack,Claude W. dePamphilis +16 more
TL;DR: Comprehensive phylogenomic analyses of sequenced plant genomes and more than 12.6 million new expressed-sequence-tag sequences from phylogenetically pivotal lineages are used to elucidate two groups of ancient gene duplications, implicating two WGDs in ancestral lineages shortly before the diversification of extant seed plants and extant angiosperms.
Journal ArticleDOI
The genome of the domesticated apple ( Malus × domestica Borkh.)
Riccardo Velasco,Andrey Zharkikh,Jason P. Affourtit,Amit Dhingra,Alessandro Cestaro,Ananth Kalyanaraman,Paolo Fontana,Satish Bhatnagar,Michela Troggio,Dmitry Pruss,Silvio Salvi,Massimo Pindo,Paolo Baldi,Sara Castelletti,Marina Cavaiuolo,G. Coppola,Fabrizio Costa,V. Cova,Antonio Dal Ri,Vadim V. Goremykin,M. Komjanc,Sara Longhi,P. Magnago,Giulia Malacarne,Mickael Malnoy,Diego Micheletti,Marco Moretto,Michele Perazzolli,Azeddine Si-Ammour,Silvia Vezzulli,E. Zini,Glenn Eldredge,Lisa M. Fitzgerald,N. Gutin,Jerry S. Lanchbury,Teresita Macalma,J.T. Mitchell,Julia Reid,Bryan Wardell,Chinnappa D. Kodira,Zhoutao Chen,Brian Desany,Faheem Niazi,Melinda Palmer,Tyson Koepke,Derick Jiwan,Scott Schaeffer,Vandhana Krishnan,Changjun Wu,Vu T. Chu,Stephen T. King,Jessica Vick,Quanzhou Tao,Amy Mraz,Aimee Stormo,Keith E. Stormo,Robert Bogden,Davide Ederle,Alessandra Stella,Alberto Vecchietti,Martin M. Kater,Simona Masiero,Pauline Lasserre,Yves Lespinasse,Andrew C. Allan,Vincent G. M. Bus,David Chagné,Ross N. Crowhurst,Andrew P. Gleave,Enrico Lavezzo,Jeffrey A. Fawcett,Jeffrey A. Fawcett,Sebastian Proost,Sebastian Proost,Pierre Rouzé,Pierre Rouzé,Lieven Sterck,Lieven Sterck,Stefano Toppo,Barbara Lazzari,Roger P. Hellens,Charles-Eric Durel,Alexander Gutin,Roger E. Bumgarner,Susan E. Gardiner,Mark H. Skolnick,Michael Egholm,Yves Van de Peer,Yves Van de Peer,Francesco Salamini,Roberto Viola +90 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a relatively recent (>50 million years ago) genome-wide duplication has resulted in the transition from nine ancestral chromosomes to 17 chromosomes in the Pyreae, which partly support the monophyly of the ancestral paleohexaploidy of eudicots.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolutionary significance of polyploidy
TL;DR: How, once polyploidy has been established, the unique retention profile of duplicated genes following whole-genome duplication might explain key longer-term evolutionary transitions and a general increase in biological complexity is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repeated polyploidization of Gossypium genomes and the evolution of spinnable cotton fibres
Andrew H. Paterson,Jonathan F. Wendel,Heidrun Gundlach,Hui Guo,Jerry Jenkins,Dianchuan Jin,Danny J. Llewellyn,Kurtis C. Showmaker,Shengqiang Shu,Joshua A. Udall,Mi-Jeong Yoo,Robert L. Byers,Wei Chen,Adi Doron-Faigenboim,Mary V. Duke,Lei Gong,Jane Grimwood,Corrinne E. Grover,Kara Grupp,Guanjing Hu,Tae-Ho Lee,Jingping Li,Lifeng Lin,Tao Liu,Barry S. Marler,Justin T. Page,Alison W. Roberts,Elisson Romanel,William S. Sanders,Emmanuel Szadkowski,Xu Tan,Haibao Tang,Haibao Tang,Chunming Xu,Chunming Xu,Jinpeng Wang,Zining Wang,Dong Zhang,Lan Zhang,Hamid Ashrafi,Frank Bedon,John E. Bowers,Curt L. Brubaker,Curt L. Brubaker,Peng W. Chee,Sayan Das,Alan R. Gingle,Candace H. Haigler,David B. Harker,Lucia Vieira Hoffmann,Ran Hovav,Don C. Jones,Cornelia Lemke,Shahid Mansoor,Shahid Mansoor,Mehboob-ur Rahman,Lisa N. Rainville,Aditi Rambani,Umesh K. Reddy,Junkang Rong,Yehoshua Saranga,Brian E. Scheffler,Jodi A. Scheffler,David M. Stelly,Barbara A. Triplett,Allen Van Deynze,Maite F S Vaslin,V. N. Waghmare,Sally A. Walford,Robert J. Wright,Essam A. Zaki,Tianzhen Zhang,Elizabeth S. Dennis,Klaus F. X. Mayer,Daniel G. Peterson,Daniel S. Rokhsar,Xiyin Wang,Jeremy Schmutz +77 more
TL;DR: It is shown that an abrupt five- to sixfold ploidy increase approximately 60 million years (Myr) ago, and allopolyploidy reuniting divergent Gossypium genomes approximately 1–2 Myr ago, conferred about 30–36-fold duplication of ancestral angiosperm genes in elite cottons, genetic complexity equalled only by Brassica among sequenced angiosperms.
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