Showing papers by "University of Coimbra published in 2013"
TL;DR: Empirical evidence of shared genetic etiology for psychiatric disorders can inform nosology and encourages the investigation of common pathophysiologies for related disorders.
Abstract: Most psychiatric disorders are moderately to highly heritable. The degree to which genetic variation is unique to individual disorders or shared across disorders is unclear. To examine shared genetic etiology, we use genome-wide genotype data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) for cases and controls in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We apply univariate and bivariate methods for the estimation of genetic variation within and covariation between disorders. SNPs explained 17-29% of the variance in liability. The genetic correlation calculated using common SNPs was high between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (0.68 ± 0.04 s.e.), moderate between schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (0.43 ± 0.06 s.e.), bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (0.47 ± 0.06 s.e.), and ADHD and major depressive disorder (0.32 ± 0.07 s.e.), low between schizophrenia and ASD (0.16 ± 0.06 s.e.) and non-significant for other pairs of disorders as well as between psychiatric disorders and the negative control of Crohn's disease. This empirical evidence of shared genetic etiology for psychiatric disorders can inform nosology and encourages the investigation of common pathophysiologies for related disorders.
2,058 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that, during aging, there is a specific loss of mitochondrial, but not nuclear, encoded OXPHOS subunits, and an alternate PGC-1α/β-independent pathway of nuclear-mitochondrial communication contributes to the decline in mitochondrial function with age.
1,101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore how and where phase change materials (PCMs) are used in passive latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems, and present an overview of how these construction solutions are related to building's energy performance.
817 citations
TL;DR: The results show that TERT promoter mutations are relatively frequent in specific types of human cancers, where they lead to enhanced expression of telomerase.
Abstract: Reactivation of telomerase has been implicated in human tumorigenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we report the presence of recurrent somatic mutations in the TERT promoter in cancers of the central nervous system (43%), bladder (59%), thyroid (follicular cell-derived, 10%) and skin (melanoma, 29%). In thyroid cancers, the presence of TERT promoter mutations (when occurring together with BRAF mutations) is significantly associated with higher TERT mRNA expression, and in glioblastoma we find a trend for increased telomerase expression in cases harbouring TERT promoter mutations. Both in thyroid cancers and glioblastoma, TERT promoter mutations are significantly associated with older age of the patients. Our results show that TERT promoter mutations are relatively frequent in specific types of human cancers, where they lead to enhanced expression of telomerase.
756 citations
ETH Zurich1, Max Planck Society2, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University3, University of Coimbra4, University of Aveiro5, Yale University6, University of Stuttgart7, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich8, National Tsing Hua University9, University of Fribourg10, Princeton University11, Paul Scherrer Institute12
TL;DR: Accurate knowledge of the charge and Zemach radii of the proton is essential, not only for understanding its structure but also as input for tests of bound-state quantum electrodynamics and its predictions for the energy levels of hydrogen.
Abstract: Accurate knowledge of the charge and Zemach radii of the proton is essential, not only for understanding its structure but also as input for tests of bound-state quantum electrodynamics and its predictions for the energy levels of hydrogen. These radii may be extracted from the laser spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen (μp, that is, a proton orbited by a muon). We measured the 2 S 1 / 2 F = 0 - 2 P 3 / 2 F = 1 transition frequency in μp to be 54611.16(1.05) gigahertz (numbers in parentheses indicate one standard deviation of uncertainty) and reevaluated the 2 S 1 / 2 F = 1 - 2 P 3 / 2 F = 2 transition frequency, yielding 49881.35(65) gigahertz. From the measurements, we determined the Zemach radius, rZ = 1.082(37) femtometers, and the magnetic radius, rM = 0.87(6) femtometer, of the proton. We also extracted the charge radius, rE = 0.84087(39) femtometer, with an order of magnitude more precision than the 2010-CODATA value and at 7σ variance with respect to it, thus reinforcing the proton radius puzzle.
711 citations
TL;DR: The importance of developing new pharmacological approaches that upregulate endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthesis and target key vascular ROS-producing enzymes will be highlighted and new strategies that might prove clinically relevant in preventing the development and/or retarding the progression of diabetes associated vascular complications will be discussed.
645 citations
TL;DR: This manuscript reviews the available evidence and recommends the appropriate use of specific allergen extracts, positive and negative controls, and standard panels for different geographic locations to permit better comparisons for diagnostic, clinical and research purposes.
Abstract: Skin prick testing is an essential test procedure to confirm sensitization in IgE-mediated allergic disease in subjects with rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria, anapylaxis, atopic eczema and food and drug allergy. This manuscript reviews the available evidence including Medline and Embase searches, abstracts of international allergy meetings and position papers from the world allergy literature. The recommended method of prick testing includes the appropriate use of specific allergen extracts, positive and negative controls, interpretation of the tests after 15 – 20 minutes of application, with a positive result defined as a wheal ≥3 mm diameter. A standard prick test panel for Europe for inhalants is proposed and includes hazel (Corylus avellana), alder (Alnus incana), birch (Betula alba), plane (Platanus vulgaris), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), grass mix (Poa pratensis, Dactilis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis, Helictotrichon pretense), Olive (Olea europaea), mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris), ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), Alternaria alternata (tenuis), Cladosporium herbarum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Parietaria, cat, dog, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, and cockroach (Blatella germanica). Standardization of the skin test procedures and standard panels for different geographic locations are encouraged worldwide to permit better comparisons for diagnostic, clinical and research purposes.
612 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the spin and parity quantum numbers of the Higgs boson were studied based on the collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, and the results showed that the standard model spin-parity J(...
608 citations
TL;DR: This work reviews the state of the art and the most recent advances in the development of wound dressings for DFU treatment, with special emphasis given to systems employing new polymeric biomaterials, and to the latest and innovative therapeutic strategies and delivery approaches.
568 citations
TL;DR: SIRT1 can be directly activated through an allosteric mechanism common to chemically diverse STACs, and specific hydrophobic motifs found in SIRT1 substrates such as PGC-1α and FOXO3a facilitate Sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs) activation by STacs.
Abstract: A molecule that treats multiple age-related diseases would have a major impact on global health and economics. The SIRT1 deacetylase has drawn attention in this regard as a target for drug design. Yet controversy exists around the mechanism of sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs). We found that specific hydrophobic motifs found in SIRT1 substrates such as PGC-1α and FOXO3a facilitate SIRT1 activation by STACs. A single amino acid in SIRT1, Glu230, located in a structured N-terminal domain, was critical for activation by all previously reported STAC scaffolds and a new class of chemically distinct activators. In primary cells reconstituted with activation-defective SIRT1, the metabolic effects of STACs were blocked. Thus, SIRT1 can be directly activated through an allosteric mechanism common to chemically diverse STACs.
515 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs were measured using the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25/fb.
TL;DR: This work ascribes transcription enhancement activity to p53 with the capacity to regulate multiple genes from a single genomic binding site and produces enhancer RNAs that are required for efficient transcriptional enhancement of interacting target genes and induction of a p53-dependent cell-cycle arrest.
TL;DR: Analysis of individual contributions of each therapeutic group showed that NSAIDs, analgesics and antibiotics are among the groups with the highest inputs, showing that pharmaceuticals are widespread pollutants in both hospital and urban wastewaters.
International Agency for Research on Cancer1, University of Oxford2, National Health Service3, Imperial College London4, University of Surrey5, Royal Surrey County Hospital6, Erasmus University Rotterdam7, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust8, University of Dundee9, Stavanger University Hospital10, University of Zagreb11, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research12, Karolinska Institutet13, German Cancer Research Center14, University of Oslo15, Queen Mary University of London16, Peking Union Medical College17, American Cancer Society18, University of Amsterdam19, FH Joanneum20, University of Burgundy21, University of Ljubljana22, University of Vermont23, National Cancer Research Institute24, University of Caen Lower Normandy25, Catholic University of Korea26, St George's Hospital27, University of Latvia28, Oregon Health & Science University29, University of Copenhagen30, GlaxoSmithKline31, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention32, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill33, Ruhr University Bochum34, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana35, Cancer Care Ontario36, University of Toronto37, University of Coimbra38, University of Chicago39, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust40, Charles University in Prague41, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven42, University of Miami43, Niigata University44, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center45, Flinders University46
TL;DR: An overview of the principles, recommendations and standards in the guidelines for quality assurance in CRC screening and diagnosis are presented in journal format in an open-access Supplement of Endoscopy.
Abstract: Population-based screening for early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and precursor lesions, using evidence-based methods, can be effective in populations with a significant burden of the disease provided the services are of high quality. Multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for quality assurance in CRC screening and diagnosis have been developed by experts in a project co-financed by the European Union. The 450-page guidelines were published in book format by the European Commission in 2010. They include 10 chapters and over 250 recommendations, individually graded according to the strength of the recommendation and the supporting evidence. Adoption of the recommendations can improve and maintain the quality and effectiveness of an entire screening process, including identification and invitation of the target population, diagnosis and management of the disease and appropriate surveillance in people with detected lesions. To make the principles, recommendations and standards in the guidelines known to a wider professional and scientific community and to facilitate their use in the scientific literature, the original content is presented in journal format in an open-access Supplement of Endoscopy. The editors have prepared the present overview to inform readers of the comprehensive scope and content of the guidelines.
TL;DR: In this article, the mixing of vector-like quarks coupling predominantly to the third generation was studied and the implications of these constraints on LHC phenomenology, concerning the decays of the heavy quarks and their single production.
Abstract: We obtain constraints on the mixing of vectorlike quarks coupling predominantly to the third generation. We consider all (seven) relevant types of vectorlike quarks, individually. The constraints are derived from oblique corrections and $Z\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b\overline{b}$ measurements at the Large Electron-Positron (LEP) Collider and the Stanford Linear Collider. We investigate the implications of these constraints on LHC phenomenology, concerning the decays of the heavy quarks and their single production. We also explore indirect effects of heavy quark mixing in top and bottom couplings. A remarkable effect is the possibility of explaining the anomalous forward-backward asymmetry in $Z\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b\overline{b}$ at the LEP with a hypercharge $\ensuremath{-}5/6$ doublet. We also study the impact of the new quarks on single Higgs production at the LHC and Higgs decay.
TL;DR: The aim of this review was to discuss the putative roles of mitochondria in mammalian sperm function and how they may relate to sperm quality and fertilisation ability, particularly in humans.
Abstract: Although mitochondria are best known for being the eukaryotic cell powerhouses, these organelles participate in various cellular functions besides ATP production, such as calcium homoeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis. The aim of this review was to discuss the putative roles of mitochondria in mammalian sperm function and how they may relate to sperm quality and fertilisation ability, particularly in humans. Although paternal mitochondria are degraded inside the zygote, sperm mitochondrial functionality seems to be critical for fertilisation. Indeed, changes in mitochondrial integrity/functionality, namely defects in mitochondrial ultrastructure or in the mitochondrial genome, transcriptome or proteome, as well as low mitochondrial membrane potential or altered oxygen consumption, have been correlated with loss of sperm function (particularly with decreased motility). Results from genetically engineered mouse models also confirmed this trend. On the other hand, increasing evidence suggests that mitochondria derived ATP is not crucial for sperm motility and that glycolysis may be the main ATP supplier for this particular aspect of sperm function. However, there are contradictory data in the literature regarding sperm bioenergetics. The relevance of sperm mitochondria may thus be associated with their role in other physiological features, particularly with the production of ROS, which in controlled levels are needed for proper sperm function. Sperm mitochondria may also serve as intracellular Ca²⁺ stores, although their role in signalling is still unclear.
TL;DR: This study provides robust evidence that the MoCA is a better cognitive tool than the widely used MMSE for the screening and monitoring of MCI and AD in clinical settings.
Abstract: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was recently proposed as a cognitive screening test for milder forms of cognitive impairment, having surpassed the well-known limitations of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). This study aims to validate the MoCA for screening Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD) through an analysis of diagnostic accuracy and the proposal of cut-offs. Patients were classified into 2 clinical groups according to standard criteria: MCI (n=90) and AD (n=90). The 2 control groups (C-MCI: n=90; C-AD: n=90) consisted of cognitively healthy community dwellers selected to match patients in sex, age, and education. The MoCA showed consistently superior psychometric properties compared with the MMSE, and higher diagnostic accuracy to discriminate between MCI (area under the curve=0.856; 95% confidence interval, 0.796-0.904) and AD patients (area under the curve=0.980; 95% confidence interval, 0.947-0.995). At an optimal cut-off of below 22 for MCI and below 17 for AD, the MoCA achieved significantly superior values in comparison with MMSE for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and classification accuracy. Furthermore, the MoCA revealed higher sensitivity to cognitive decline in longitudinal monitoring. This study provides robust evidence that the MoCA is a better cognitive tool than the widely used MMSE for the screening and monitoring of MCI and AD in clinical settings.
TL;DR: It is revealed that: (i) antibiotic prescribing is a complex process influenced by factors affecting all the actors involved, including physicians, other healthcare providers, healthcare system, patients and the general public; and (ii) such factors are mutually dependent.
Case Western Reserve University1, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology2, Yale University3, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory4, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI5, University of South Dakota6, Texas A&M University7, Brown University8, University of California, Davis9, University of Coimbra10, University of Maryland, College Park11, University of Rochester12, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory13, University of California, Berkeley14, University of California, Santa Barbara15, Harvard University16
11 Mar 2013-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) detector as mentioned in this paper is a dual-phase Xenon detector with a spin independent cross-section per nucleon of 2 × 10 − 46 cm 2, equivalent to ∼ 1 event / 100 kg / month in the inner 100-kg fiducial volume (FV) of the 370-kg detector.
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) collaboration has designed and constructed a dual-phase xenon detector, in order to conduct a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), a leading dark matter candidate. The goal of the LUX detector is to clearly detect (or exclude) WIMPS with a spin independent cross-section per nucleon of 2 × 10 − 46 cm 2 , equivalent to ∼ 1 event / 100 kg / month in the inner 100-kg fiducial volume (FV) of the 370-kg detector. The overall background goals are set to have 1 background events characterized as possible WIMPs in the FV in 300 days of running. This paper describes the design and construction of the LUX detector.
Columbia University1, University of Amsterdam2, University of California, Los Angeles3, University of Coimbra4, University of Zurich5, University of Mainz6, University of Münster7, Purdue University8, University of Nantes9, Weizmann Institute of Science10, Shanghai Jiao Tong University11, University of Bologna12, Max Planck Society13, University of Bern14, Rice University15
TL;DR: New experimental constraints on the elastic, spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section are presented using recent data from the XENON100 experiment, operated in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy.
Abstract: We present new experimental constraints on the elastic, spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section using recent data from the XENON100 experiment, operated in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. An analysis of 224.6 live days×34 kg of exposure acquired during 2011 and 2012 revealed no excess signal due to axial-vector WIMP interactions with Xe129 and Xe131 nuclei. This leads to the most stringent upper limits on WIMP-neutron cross sections for WIMP masses above 6 GeV/c2, with a minimum cross section of 3.5×10−40 cm2 at a WIMP mass of 45 GeV/c2, at 90% confidence level.
TL;DR: A novel diagnostic algorithm that allows the real-time detection and localization of multiple power switch open-circuit faults in inverter-fed ac motor drives and its robustness against false alarms is presented.
Abstract: Three-phase inverters are currently utilized in an enormous variety of industrial applications, including variable-speed ac drives. However, due to their complexity and exposure to several stresses, they are prone to suffer critical failures. Accordingly, this paper presents a novel diagnostic algorithm that allows the real-time detection and localization of multiple power switch open-circuit faults in inverter-fed ac motor drives. The proposed method is quite simple and just requires the measured motor phase currents and their corresponding reference signals, already available from the main control system, therefore avoiding the use of additional sensors and hardware. Several experimental results using a vector-controlled permanent-magnet synchronous motor drive are presented, showing the diagnostic algorithm effectiveness, its relatively fast detection time, and its robustness against false alarms.
University of Edinburgh1, Imperial College London2, RMIT University3, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich4, University of Padua5, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust6, St Mary's Hospital7, University of Southampton8, Charité9, University Medical Center Groningen10, University College Cork11, Hospital Clínico San Carlos12, Odense University Hospital13, King's College London14, University of Coimbra15, University of Amsterdam16, Brigham and Women's Hospital17
TL;DR: A systematic review aimed to understand and describe the epidemiology of anaphylaxis and describe how these characteristics vary by person, place, and time as discussed by the authors, using a highly sensitive search strategy, identified systematic reviews of epidemiological studies, descriptive and analytical epidemiological investigations, and studies involving analysis of routine data.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially fatal, multi-organ system, allergic reaction caused by the release of chemical mediators from mast cells and basophils. Uncertainty exists around epidemiological measures of incidence and prevalence, risk factors, risk of recurrence, and death due to anaphylaxis. This systematic review aimed to (1) understand and describe the epidemiology of anaphylaxis and (2) describe how these characteristics vary by person, place, and time. METHODS: Using a highly sensitive search strategy, we identified systematic reviews of epidemiological studies, descriptive and analytical epidemiological investigations, and studies involving analysis of routine data. RESULTS: Our searches identified a total of 5,843 potentially eligible studies, of which 49 satisfied our inclusion criteria. Of these, three were suitable for pooled estimates of prevalence. The incidence rates for all-cause anaphylaxis ranged from 1.5 to 7.9 per 100,000 person-years. These data indicated that an estimated 0.3% (95% CI 0.1-0.5) of the population experience anaphylaxis at some point in their lives. Food, drugs, stinging insects, and latex were the most commonly identified triggers. CONCLUSIONS: Anaphylaxis is a common problem, affecting an estimated 1 in 300 of the European population at some time in their lives. Future research needs to focus on better understanding of the trends across Europe and identifying those most likely to experience fatal reactions.
TL;DR: The water absorption and swelling behavior of these films were greatly improved by the increase in Aloe vera proportion, and the solubility studies demonstrated the insolubility of the films after 24h of immersion in distilled water.
TL;DR: In this article, the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments is reviewed.
Abstract: We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments. Emphasis is given to the operation principles and the most important instrumentation aspects of these detectors, principally of those operated in the double-phase mode. Recent technological advances and relevant developments in photon detection and charge readout are discussed in the context of their applicability to those experiments.
04 Nov 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the efficiency analysis on the best available electric motors and emerging motor technologies, such as axial-flux permanent-magnet synchronous motors, is presented, as well as a study on the theoretical efficiency limit achievable taking into account those existing design options.
Abstract: Premium (IEC IE3 Class) efficiency Motors are now mandatory in North America. Super-Premium (IEC IE4 Class) and IE5 Ultra-Premium efficiency classes are defined in the second edition of Standard IEC 60034-30. For line-start fixed-speed applications, Super-Premium IE4-Class Line-Start Permanent-Magnet Motors and Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors are recent entrances in the industrial motor market. For variable-speed applications, IE4-Class Variable-Reluctance Synchronous Motors are also a recent entrance in the market. For the low power range, moving from IE4 to IE5 class, may require moving away from radial-flux induction motor technology, into to the permanent magnet and reluctance technology, either using Rare-Earth or Ferrite magnets. In this paper, efficiency analysis on the best available electric motors and emerging motor technologies, such as axial-flux permanent-magnet synchronous motors, is presented. The potential efficiency gain associated with several design options as well as a study on the theoretical efficiency limit achievable taking into account those existing design options are described.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the link between macroeconomic developments and the banking credit risk in a particular group of countries (Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Italy) recently affected by unfavourable economic and financial conditions.
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01 Jan 2013TL;DR: General concepts and emerging research in this field based on multidisciplinary approaches aimed at creating personalized treatment for a broad range of highly prevalent diseases (e.g., cancer and diabetes) are described.
Abstract: Advanced drug delivery systems (DDS) present indubitable benefits for drug administration. Over the past three decades, new approaches have been suggested for the development of novel carriers for drug delivery. In this review, we describe general concepts and emerging research in this field based on multidisciplinary approaches aimed at creating personalized treatment for a broad range of highly prevalent diseases (e.g., cancer and diabetes). This review is composed of two parts. The first part provides an overview on currently available drug delivery technologies including a brief history on the development of these systems and some of the research strategies applied. The second part provides information about the most advanced drug delivery devices using stimuli-responsive polymers. Their synthesis using controlled-living radical polymerization strategy is described. In a near future it is predictable the appearance of new effective tailor-made DDS, resulting from knowledge of different interdisciplinary sciences, in a perspective of creating personalized medical solutions.
TL;DR: In this article, an integrated rule-based meta-heuristic optimization approach is used to deal with a multi-level energy management system for a multisource electric vehicle for sharing energy and power between two sources with different characteristics.
TL;DR: The mechanistic explanation for how the first histone gene mutation inhuman disease biology acts to deliver MYCN, a potent tumorigenic initiator, into a stem-cell compartment of the developing forebrain, selectively giving rise to incurable cerebral hemispheric GBM is provided.
Abstract: Children and young adults with glioblastoma (GBM) have a median survival rate of only 12 to 15 months, and these GBMs are clinically and biologically distinct from histologically similar cancers in older adults. They are defined by highly specific mutations in the gene encoding the histone H3.3 variant H3F3A , occurring either at or close to key residues marked by methylation for regulation of transcription—K27 and G34. Here, we show that the cerebral hemisphere-specific G34 mutation drives a distinct expression signature through differential genomic binding of the K36 trimethylation mark (H3K36me3). The transcriptional program induced recapitulates that of the developing forebrain, and involves numerous markers of stem-cell maintenance, cell-fate decisions, and self-renewal. Critically, H3F3A G34 mutations cause profound upregulation of MYCN , a potent oncogene that is causative of GBMs when expressed in the correct developmental context. This driving aberration is selectively targetable in this patient population through inhibiting kinases responsible for stabilization of the protein.
Significance: We provide the mechanistic explanation for how the first histone gene mutation in human disease biology acts to deliver MYCN, a potent tumorigenic initiator, into a stem-cell compartment of the developing forebrain, selectively giving rise to incurable cerebral hemispheric GBM. Using synthetic lethal approaches to these mutant tumor cells provides a rational way to develop novel and highly selective treatment strategies. Cancer Discov; 3(5); 512–19. ©2013 AACR .
See related commentary by Huang and Weiss, [p. 484][1]
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, [p. 471][2]
[1]: /lookup/volpage/3/484?iss=5
[2]: /lookup/volpage/3/471?iss=5
TL;DR: Two strategies are proposed with the related design principles to control the new energy-stored qZSI when applied to the PV power system and prove the effectiveness of the proposed control of the inverter's input and output powers and battery power regardless of the charging or discharging situation.
Abstract: The quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI) with battery operation can balance the stochastic fluctuations of photovoltaic (PV) power injected to the grid/load, but its existing topology has a power limitation due to the wide range of discontinuous conduction mode during battery discharge. This paper proposes a new topology of the energy-stored qZSI to overcome this disadvantage. The operating characteristic of the proposed solution is analyzed in detail and compared to that of the existing topology. Two strategies are proposed with the related design principles to control the new energy-stored qZSI when applied to the PV power system. They can control the inverter output power, track the PV panel's maximum power point, and manage the battery power, simultaneously. The voltage boost and inversion, and energy storage are integrated in a single-stage inverter. An experimental prototype is built to test the proposed circuit and the two discussed control methods. The obtained results verify the theoretical analysis and prove the effectiveness of the proposed control of the inverter's input and output powers and battery power regardless of the charging or discharging situation. A real PV panel is used in the grid-tie test of the proposed energy-stored qZSI, which demonstrates three operational modes suitable for application in the PV power system.