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Epigenetic codes in cognition and behaviour.

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TLDR
Recent findings on the role and mechanisms of epigenetic codes in the brain are described, and their implication in synaptic plasticity, cognitive functions and psychiatric disorders are discussed.
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This article is published in Behavioural Brain Research.The article was published on 2008-09-01. It has received 260 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Epigenetic code & Epigenetics.

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Stress In Utero: Prenatal Programming of Brain Plasticity and Cognition.

TL;DR: The present review focuses on the lasting effects of prenatal stress on brain plasticity and cognitive functions in human and rodent models and proposes molecular mechanisms that interfere with functional brain development.
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Epigenetic Mechanisms in Learned Fear: Implications for PTSD

TL;DR: It is proposed that epigenetic molecular mechanisms underlie the formation and stabilization of context- and cue-triggered fear conditioning based in the hippocampus and amygdala and that these mechanisms may contribute to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in humans.
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Epigenetics of stress adaptations in the brain.

TL;DR: It is concluded that specific epigenetic mechanisms in the CNS are involved in the stress response, including genome-wide epigenetic changes of DNA methylation and particular genes involved in epigenetic responses that participate in the brain response to chronic psychogenic stressors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus

TL;DR: The best understood form of long-term potentiation is induced by the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complex, which allows electrical events at the postsynaptic membrane to be transduced into chemical signals which, in turn, are thought to activate both pre- and post Synaptic mechanisms to generate a persistent increase in synaptic strength.
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Chromatin Modifications and Their Function

TL;DR: The surface of nucleosomes is studded with a multiplicity of modifications that can dictate the higher-order chromatin structure in which DNA is packaged and can orchestrate the ordered recruitment of enzyme complexes to manipulate DNA.
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Translating the Histone Code

TL;DR: It is proposed that this epigenetic marking system represents a fundamental regulatory mechanism that has an impact on most, if not all, chromatin-templated processes, with far-reaching consequences for cell fate decisions and both normal and pathological development.
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DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic memory

TL;DR: The heritability of methylation states and the secondary nature of the decision to invite or exclude methylation support the idea that DNA methylation is adapted for a specific cellular memory function in development.
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Epigenetic regulation of gene expression: how the genome integrates intrinsic and environmental signals

TL;DR: Advances in the understanding of the mechanism and role of DNA methylation in biological processes are reviewed, showing that epigenetic mechanisms seem to allow an organism to respond to the environment through changes in gene expression.
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