Fibroblast Adaptation and Stiffness Matching to Soft Elastic Substrates
TLDR
Within a range of stiffness spanning that of soft tissues, fibroblasts tune their internal stiffness to match that of their substrate, and modulation of cellular stiffness by the rigidity of the environment may be a mechanism used to direct cell migration and wound repair.About:
This article is published in Biophysical Journal.The article was published on 2007-12-15 and is currently open access. It has received 999 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stiffness.read more
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Biomimetic strain-stiffening hydrogels
TL;DR: The origins of mechano-responsiveness in biopolymer networks are reviewed, recent advancements in the field of supramolecular organic chemistry towards the rational design of materials that mimic living systems with particular emphasis on their nanoscale organisation, dynamics and mechanical properties are discussed.
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Modulation of Cell Structure and Function in Response to Substrate Stiffness and External Forces
TL;DR: This article describes how the adhesion sites of the cell to the Extra Cellular Matrix are of primary importance in sensing force and how the actin network via actomyosin contractility and the associated Rho-family dependent regulatory paths also play a key role in mechanotransduction.
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Interaction of focal adhesions mediated by the substrate elasticity
TL;DR: A visco-elastic model of the interaction between the adhesive contacts mediated by the finite rigidity of the substrate is developed and it is shown that even in the absence of a velocity gradient, a stress gradient appears in the direction of motion and that the stress is maximal at the edges of the cell in accordance with the experimental observations.
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Grayscale mask-assisted photochemical crosslinking for a dense collagen construct with stiffness gradient.
TL;DR: A novel fabrication process to achieve a compressed collagen construct with a stiffness gradient, named COSDIENT, at a level of ~ 1 MPa while maintaining in vivo ECM-like dense collagen fibrillar structures is proposed.
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Discrimination between HCV29 and T24 by controlled proliferation of cells co-cultured on substrates with different elasticity.
TL;DR: The obtained results suggest that the proliferation of T 24 cells is even 4 times more effective as compared to HCV29 cells and confirm strong invasiveness of metastatic T24 cells.
References
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Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification.
TL;DR: Naive mesenchymal stem cells are shown here to specify lineage and commit to phenotypes with extreme sensitivity to tissue-level elasticity, consistent with the elasticity-insensitive commitment of differentiated cell types.
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Tissue Cells Feel and Respond to the Stiffness of Their Substrate
TL;DR: An understanding of how tissue cells—including fibroblasts, myocytes, neurons, and other cell types—sense matrix stiffness is just emerging with quantitative studies of cells adhering to gels with which elasticity can be tuned to approximate that of tissues.
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Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype.
Matthew J. Paszek,Nastaran Zahir,Kandice R. Johnson,Johnathon N. Lakins,Gabriela I. Rozenberg,Amit Gefen,Cynthia A. Reinhart-King,Susan S. Margulies,Micah Dembo,David Boettiger,Daniel A. Hammer,Valerie M. Weaver +11 more
TL;DR: It is found that tumors are rigid because they have a stiff stroma and elevated Rho-dependent cytoskeletal tension that drives focal adhesions, disrupts adherens junctions, perturbs tissue polarity, enhances growth, and hinders lumen formation.
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Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate
TL;DR: It is discovered that changes in tissue rigidity and strain could play an important controlling role in a number of normal and pathological processes involving cell locomotion, including morphogenesis, the immune response, and wound healing.
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Cell locomotion and focal adhesions are regulated by substrate flexibility
Robert J. Pelham,Yu-li Wang +1 more
TL;DR: The ability of cells to survey the mechanical properties of their surrounding environment is demonstrated and the possible involvement of both protein tyrosine phosphorylation and myosin-generated cortical forces in this process is suggested.