Open AccessJournal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
TLDR
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Abstract:
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatic data indicates that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that miRNA mutations or mis-expression correlate with various human cancers and indicates that miRNAs can function as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.read more
Citations
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miR-152 is a tumor suppressor microRNA that is silenced by DNA hypermethylation in endometrial cancer
Tomohiko Tsuruta,Ken Ichi Kozaki,Atsushi Uesugi,Mayuko Furuta,Akira Hirasawa,Issei Imoto,Nobuyuki Susumu,Daisuke Aoki,Johji Inazawa +8 more
TL;DR: A central role is defined for miR-152 in endometrial cancer, and its use in new therapeutic strategies to treat this cancer is suggested, as well as how its epigenetic silencing can driveendometrial carcinogenesis.
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Hepatitis B virus integration, fragile sites, and hepatocarcinogenesis
Mark A. Feitelson,Jungmin Lee +1 more
TL;DR: If genetic instability associated with integration potentially alters the expression of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and microRNAs that may contribute importantly to tumorigenesis, then selected integration events may alter pathways that are rate limiting in hepatocarcinogenesis, thereby providing targets with diagnostic/prognostic potential and for therapeutic intervention.
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microRNAs and prostate cancer
TL;DR: The present work focuses on the identification of targets of prostate cancer‐related miRNAs and the potential application of mi RNAs in prostate cancer.
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Editing of Epstein-Barr Virus-encoded BART6 MicroRNAs Controls Their Dicer Targeting and Consequently Affects Viral Latency
Hisashi Iizasa,Bjorn-Erik Wulff,Nageswara R. Alla,Manolis Maragkakis,Molly Megraw,Artemis G. Hatzigeorgiou,Dai Iwakiri,Kenzo Takada,Andreas Wiedmer,Louise C. Showe,Paul M. Lieberman,Kazuko Nishikura +11 more
TL;DR: MiR-BART6-5p RNAs suppress the EBNA2 viral oncogene required for transition from immunologically less responsive type I and type II latency to the more immunoreactive type III latency as well as Zta and Rta viral proteins essential for lytic replication, revealing the regulatory function of miR- BART6 in EBV infection and latency.
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Small molecule enoxacin is a cancer-specific growth inhibitor that acts by enhancing TAR RNA-binding protein 2-mediated microRNA processing
Sonia A. Melo,Alberto Villanueva,Catia Moutinho,Veronica Davalos,Riccardo Spizzo,Cristina Ivan,Simona Rossi,Fernando Setien,Oriol Casanovas,Laia Simó-Riudalbas,Javier Carmona,Jordi Carrere,August Vidal,Alvaro Aytes,Sara Puertas,Santiago Ropero,Raghu Kalluri,Carlo M. Croce,George A. Calin,Manel Esteller +19 more
TL;DR: The small molecule enoxacin, a fluoroquinolone used as an antibacterial compound, enhances the production of miRNAs with tumor suppressor functions by binding to the miRNA biosynthesis protein TAR RNA-binding protein 2 (TRBP).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function
TL;DR: Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
TL;DR: Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin- 4 regulates lin- 14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers
Jun Lu,Gad Getz,Eric A. Miska,Eric A. Miska,Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra,Justin Lamb,David Peck,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Benjamin L. Ebert,Benjamin L. Ebert,Raymond H. Mak,Raymond H. Mak,Adolfo A. Ferrando,James R. Downing,Tyler Jacks,H. Robert Horvitz,H. Robert Horvitz,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub +20 more
TL;DR: A new, bead-based flow cytometric miRNA expression profiling method is used to present a systematic expression analysis of 217 mammalian miRNAs from 334 samples, including multiple human cancers, and finds the miRNA profiles are surprisingly informative, reflecting the developmental lineage and differentiation state of the tumours.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of Mammalian MicroRNA Targets
TL;DR: The predicted regulatory targets of mammalian miRNAs were enriched for genes involved in transcriptional regulation but also encompassed an unexpectedly broad range of other functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The nuclear RNase III Drosha initiates microRNA processing
Yoontae Lee,Chiyoung Ahn,Jinju Han,Hyounjeong Choi,Jaekwang Kim,Jeongbin Yim,Junho Lee,Patrick Provost,Olof Rådmark,Sun-Young Kim,V. Narry Kim +10 more
TL;DR: The two RNase III proteins, Drosha and Dicer, may collaborate in the stepwise processing of miRNAs, and have key roles in miRNA-mediated gene regulation in processes such as development and differentiation.
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