Open AccessJournal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
TLDR
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Abstract:
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatic data indicates that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that miRNA mutations or mis-expression correlate with various human cancers and indicates that miRNAs can function as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.read more
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Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection
Patrick S. Mitchell,Rachael K. Parkin,Evan M. Kroh,Brian R. Fritz,Brian R. Fritz,Stacia K. Wyman,Era L. Pogosova-Agadjanyan,Amelia Peterson,Jennifer Noteboom,Kathy O'Briant,April Allen,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Nicole Urban,Charles W. Drescher,Beatrice S. Knudsen,Derek L. Stirewalt,Robert Gentleman,Robert L. Vessella,Robert L. Vessella,Peter S. Nelson,Daniel Martin,Daniel Martin,Muneesh Tewari +24 more
TL;DR: It is shown here that miRNAs are present in human plasma in a remarkably stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity and established the measurement of tumor-derived mi RNAs in serum or plasma as an important approach for the blood-based detection of human cancer.
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MicroRNA signatures in human cancers
George A. Calin,Carlo M. Croce +1 more
TL;DR: The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight?
TL;DR: This Review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanistic aspects of microRNA-induced repression of translation and discusses some of the controversies regarding different modes of micro RNA function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases
Xi Chen,Yi Ba,Lijia Ma,Lijia Ma,Xing Cai,Yuan Yin,Kehui Wang,Jigang Guo,Yujing Zhang,Jiangning Chen,Xing Guo,Qibin Li,Qibin Li,Xiaoying Li,Wenjing Wang,Yan Zhang,Jin Wang,Xueyuan Jiang,Yang Xiang,Chen Xu,Pingping Zheng,Juanbin Zhang,Ruiqiang Li,Hongjie Zhang,Xiaobin Shang,Ting Gong,Guang Ning,Jun Wang,Jun Wang,Ke Zen,Junfeng Zhang,Chen-Yu Zhang +31 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that miRNAs are present in the serum and plasma of humans and other animals such as mice, rats, bovine fetuses, calves, and horses, and can serve as potential biomarkers for the detection of various cancers and other diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-coding RNAs in human disease
TL;DR: Dysregulation of these ncRNAs is being found to have relevance not only to tumorigenesis, but also to neurological, cardiovascular, developmental and other diseases, and there is great interest in therapeutic strategies to counteract these perturbations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Antisense inhibition of human miRNAs and indications for an involvement of miRNA in cell growth and apoptosis.
TL;DR: It is concluded that miRNA-mediated regulation has a complexity of cellular outcomes and that miRNAs can be mediators of regulation of cell growth and apoptosis pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accumulation of miR-155 and BIC RNA in human B cell lymphomas
Peggy S. Eis,Wayne Tam,Liping Sun,Amy Chadburn,Zongdong Li,Mario Gomez,Elsebet Lund,James E. Dahlberg +7 more
TL;DR: It is found that clinical isolates of several types of B cell lymphomas, including diffuse large B Cell lymphoma (DLBCL), have 10- to 30-fold higher copy numbers of miR-155 than do normal circulating B cells, and the quantities of BIC RNA are elevated in lymphoma cells, but ratios of the amounts of the two RNAs are not constant, suggesting that the level of mi R-155 is controlled by transcription and processing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microarray profiling of microRNAs reveals frequent coexpression with neighboring miRNAs and host genes
TL;DR: The results show that proximal pairs of miRNAs are generally coexpressed, and that in situ analyses of host gene expression can be used to probe the spatial and temporal localization of intronic mi RNAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exportin 5 is a RanGTP-dependent dsRNA-binding protein that mediates nuclear export of pre-miRNAs
TL;DR: Nuclear export of pre-miRNAs is studied and it is shown that the process is saturable and thus carrier-mediated, and that exportin 5 interacts with double-stranded RNA in a sequence-independent manner.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA profiling reveals distinct signatures in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias
George A. Calin,Chang Gong Liu,Cinzia Sevignani,Manuela Ferracin,Nadia Felli,Nadia Felli,Calin Dan Dumitru,Masayoshi Shimizu,Amelia Cimmino,Simona Zupo,Marielia Dono,Marie Dell'Aquila,Hansjuerg Alder,Laura Z. Rassenti,Thomas J. Kipps,Florencia Bullrich,Florencia Bullrich,Massimo Negrini,Carlo M. Croce,Carlo M. Croce +19 more
TL;DR: Genomewide expression profiling of miRNAs in human B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is reported by using a microarray containing hundreds of human precursor and mature miRNA oligonucleotide probes, suggesting that miRNA expression patterns have relevance to the biological and clinical behavior of this leukemia.
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