Open AccessJournal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
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TLDR
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Abstract:
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatic data indicates that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that miRNA mutations or mis-expression correlate with various human cancers and indicates that miRNAs can function as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.read more
Citations
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Lin-28 interaction with the Let-7 precursor loop mediates regulated microRNA processing
TL;DR: This work has identified the Drosha Inhibitor as the embryonic stem cell specific protein Lin-28, which has been previously implicated in developmental regulatory pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans, and it promotes reprogramming of human somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells.
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Loss of miR-122 expression in liver cancer correlates with suppression of the hepatic phenotype and gain of metastatic properties.
Cédric Coulouarn,Valentina M. Factor,Jesper B. Andersen,Marian E. Durkin,Snorri S. Thorgeirsson +4 more
TL;DR: It is reported that miR-122 is specifically repressed in a subset of primary tumors that are characterized by poor prognosis, and it is shown that loss of microRNA-122 results in an increase of cell migration and invasion and that restoration of mi R-122 reverses this phenotype.
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MicroRNAs: key players in the immune system, differentiation, tumorigenesis and cell death
TL;DR: The role of miRNAs and their targets in contributing to human cancers and their function as regulators of apoptotic pathways and the immune system are summarized.
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Altered expression of miR-21, miR-31, miR-143 and miR-145 is related to clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer
Ondrej Slaby,Marek Svoboda,Pavel Fabian,T. Smerdova,D. Knoflickova,Marketa Bednarikova,Rudolf Nenutil,Rostislav Vyzula +7 more
TL;DR: expression of miR-21 correlated with CRC clinical stage, and a high expression was associated with lymph node positivity and the development of distant metastases in CRC patients, suggesting possible roles of microRNAs in CRC.
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Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function by FMRP-Associated MicroRNAs miR-125b and miR-132
Dieter Edbauer,Joel R. Neilson,Kelly A. Foster,Chi-Fong Wang,Daniel P. Seeburg,Matthew N. Batterton,Tomoko Tada,Bridget M. Dolan,Phillip A. Sharp,Morgan Sheng +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the NMDA receptor subunit NR2A was identified as a target of miR-125b and showed that NR 2A mRNA is specifically associated with FMRP in brain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function
TL;DR: Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
TL;DR: Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin- 4 regulates lin- 14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers
Jun Lu,Gad Getz,Eric A. Miska,Eric A. Miska,Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra,Justin Lamb,David Peck,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Benjamin L. Ebert,Benjamin L. Ebert,Raymond H. Mak,Raymond H. Mak,Adolfo A. Ferrando,James R. Downing,Tyler Jacks,H. Robert Horvitz,H. Robert Horvitz,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub +20 more
TL;DR: A new, bead-based flow cytometric miRNA expression profiling method is used to present a systematic expression analysis of 217 mammalian miRNAs from 334 samples, including multiple human cancers, and finds the miRNA profiles are surprisingly informative, reflecting the developmental lineage and differentiation state of the tumours.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of Mammalian MicroRNA Targets
TL;DR: The predicted regulatory targets of mammalian miRNAs were enriched for genes involved in transcriptional regulation but also encompassed an unexpectedly broad range of other functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The nuclear RNase III Drosha initiates microRNA processing
Yoontae Lee,Chiyoung Ahn,Jinju Han,Hyounjeong Choi,Jaekwang Kim,Jeongbin Yim,Junho Lee,Patrick Provost,Olof Rådmark,Sun-Young Kim,V. Narry Kim +10 more
TL;DR: The two RNase III proteins, Drosha and Dicer, may collaborate in the stepwise processing of miRNAs, and have key roles in miRNA-mediated gene regulation in processes such as development and differentiation.
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