Kent State University

About: Kent State University is a education organization based out in Kent, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Liquid crystal & Population. The organization has 10897 authors who have published 24607 publications receiving 720309 citations. The organization is also known as: Kent State & KSU.

Evidence for strong dominance of proton-neutron correlations in nuclei.

Abstract: We analyze recent data from high-momentum-transfer ($p$, $pp$) and ($p$, $ppn$) reactions on carbon. For this analysis, the two-nucleon short-range correlation ($NN$-SRC) model for backward nucleon emission is extended to include the motion of the $NN$ pair in the mean field. The model is found to describe major characteristics of the data. Our analysis demonstrates that the removal of a proton from the nucleus with initial momentum $275\char21{}550\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/c$ is ${92}_{\ensuremath{-}18}^{+8}%$ of the time accompanied by the emission of a correlated neutron that carries momentum roughly equal and opposite to the initial proton momentum. This indicates that the probabilities of $pp$ or $nn$ SRCs in the nucleus are at least a factor of 6 smaller than that of $pn$ SRCs. Our result is the first estimate of the isospin structure of $NN$-SRCs in nuclei, and may have important implication for modeling the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter.

A single-molecule platform for investigation of interactions between G-quadruplexes and small-molecule ligands

Abstract: Ligands that stabilize the formation of telomeric DNA G-quadruplexes have potential as cancer treatments, because the G-quadruplex structure cannot be extended by telomerase, an enzyme over-expressed in many cancer cells. Understanding the kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of small-molecule binding to these structures is therefore important, but classical ensemble assays are unable to measure these simultaneously. Here, we have used a laser tweezers method to investigate such interactions. With a force jump approach, we observe that pyridostatin promotes the folding of telomeric G-quadruplexes. The increased mechanical stability of pyridostatin-bound G-quadruplex permits the determination of a dissociation constant K(d) of 490 ± 80 nM. The free-energy change of binding obtained from a Hess-like process provides an identical K(d) for pyridostatin and a K(d) of 42 ± 3 µM for a weaker ligand RR110. We anticipate that this single-molecule platform can provide detailed insights into the mechanical, kinetic and thermodynamic properties of liganded bio-macromolecules, which have biological relevance.

Open charm yields in d + Au collisions at sNN = 200 GeV

Abstract: Midrapidity open charm spectra from direct reconstruction of D0(D0)-->K-/+pi+/- in d+Au collisions and indirect electron-positron measurements via charm semileptonic decays in p+p and d+Au collisions at squareroot[sNN]=200 GeV are reported. The D0(D0) spectrum covers a transverse momentum (pT) range of 0.1