Kent State University

About: Kent State University is a education organization based out in Kent, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Liquid crystal & Population. The organization has 10897 authors who have published 24607 publications receiving 720309 citations. The organization is also known as: Kent State & KSU.

A worldview of root traits: the influence of ancestry, growth form, climate and mycorrhizal association on the functional trait variation of fine-root tissues in seed plants.

Abstract: Fine-root traits play key roles in ecosystem processes, but the drivers of fine-root trait diversity remain poorly understood. The plant economic spectrum (PES) hypothesis predicts that leaf and root traits evolved in coordination. Mycorrhizal association type, plant growth form and climate may also affect root traits. However, the extent to which these controls are confounded with phylogenetic structuring remains unclear. Here we compiled information about root and leaf traits for > 600 species. Using phylogenetic relatedness, climatic ranges, growth form and mycorrhizal associations, we quantified the importance of these factors in the global distribution of fine-root traits. Phylogenetic structuring accounts for most of the variation for all traits excepting root tissue density, with root diameter and nitrogen concentration showing the strongest phylogenetic signal and specific root length showing intermediate values. Climate was the second most important factor, whereas mycorrhizal type had little effect. Substantial trait coordination occurred between leaves and roots, but the strength varied between growth forms and clades. Our analyses provide evidence that the integration of roots and leaves in the PES requires better accounting of the variation in traits across phylogenetic clades. Inclusion of phylogenetic information provides a powerful framework for predictions of belowground functional traits at global scales.

Pion electromagnetic form factor at spacelike momenta.

Abstract: A novel method is employed to compute the pion electromagnetic form factor, ${F}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}({Q}^{2})$, on the entire domain of spacelike momentum transfer using the Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) framework in QCD. The DSE architecture unifies this prediction with that of the pion's valence-quark parton distribution amplitude (PDA). Using this PDA, the leading-order, leading-twist perturbative QCD result for ${Q}^{2}{F}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}({Q}^{2})$ underestimates the full computation by just 15% on ${Q}^{2}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}8\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{GeV}}^{2}$, in stark contrast to the result obtained using the asymptotic PDA. The analysis shows that hard contributions to the pion form factor dominate for ${Q}^{2}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}8\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{GeV}}^{2}$, but, even so, the magnitude of ${Q}^{2}{F}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}({Q}^{2})$ reflects the scale of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, a pivotal emergent phenomenon in the standard model.

The critique of Heideggerian hermeneutical nursing research

Abstract: The critique of Heideggerian hermeneutical nursing research Within the past decade, over 25 research reports claiming to be based on Heideggerian interpretive phenomenology have been published in the nursing literature. This article reviews this research focusing on two critical issues. First, do the reports reflect a convergence of researcher understanding and participant narratives as called for by the Heideggerian tradition? Second, do Heideggerian ideas inform and enrich the studies’ findings? The review reveals wide variations with regard to how these two issues are reflected in published reports. The author recommends that Heideggerian nurse researchers (a) seek to create a new narrative literature that allows for flexible and creative presentation of interpretive findings, while demanding adherence to sound interpretive scholarship, and (b) strengthen their partnerships with philosophers and other scholars so that ideas from Heideggerian interpretive phenomenology and other sources can not only guide their methods, but enrich their findings.

FETI‐DP, BDDC, and block Cholesky methods

Abstract: The FETI-DP and BDDC algorithms are reformulated using Block Cholesky factorizations, an approach which can provide a useful framework for the design of domain decomposition algorithms for solving symmetric positive definite linear system of equations. Instead of introducing Lagrange multipliers to enforce the coarse level, primal continuity constraints in these algorithms, a change of variables is used such that each primal constraint corresponds to an explicit degree of freedom. With the new formulation of these algorithms, a simplified proof is provided that the spectra of a pair of FETI-DP and BDDC algorithms, with the same set of primal constraints, are essentially the same. Numerical experiments for a two-dimensional Laplace's equation also confirm this result. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Geographic Diversification, Bank Holding Company Value, and Risk

Abstract: We assess the association between geographic diversification and bank holding company (BHC) value and risk, controlling for the distance between the headquarters and branches. The distance-adjusted deposit dispersion index used as a measure of geographic diversification accounts for the number of locations where a BHC operates, the level of activity in each location, and the distance between a BHC and its branches. We find that geographic diversification is associated with BHC value enhancement and risk reduction, increased distance between a BHC and its branches is associated with firm value reduction and risk increase, and geographic diversification across more remote areas is associated with greater value enhancement but smaller risk reduction.