Nokia

About: Nokia is a company organization based out in Espoo, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Mobile station. The organization has 16625 authors who have published 28347 publications receiving 695725 citations. The organization is also known as: Nokia Oyj & Oy Nokia Ab.

Mutagenicity in urine of workers in rubber industry

Abstract: Epidemiological studies have shown that those who work in rubber industry have an increased risk of cancer. In the working environment they are exposed, probably, to several hundred different chemicals some of them being known or suspected carcinogens and mutagens. The bacterial fluctuation test was used to detect the mutagenicity in the urines of exposed workers. A group of unexposed office clerks served as controls. Both groups consisted of smokers and non-smokers, and that was taken into consideration in the results. Rubber workers, either smokers or non-smokers, exhibited significantly higher mutagenic activity in their urine than the occupationally unexposed controls when the base-pair substitution strain E. coli WP2 uvrA was used as indicator organism. Use of the frameshift strain S. typhimurium TA98 revealed increased mutagenicity in the urine of occupationally exposed smokers, non-smokers and unexposed smokers. The extent of mutagenicity in the urine of workers who smoked suggested a synergistic effect of smoking and occupational exposure. The bacterial fluctuation test with urine samples as sources of mutagenicity is able to detect chemical exposure if the excreted compounds are still in active form or can be activated. The method can be used to identify hazardous working conditions long before the manifestation of possible pathological changes in exposed individuals.

Presentation of large objects on small displays

Abstract: This invention relates to a method, a computer program product, a device and a system for formatting an object to obtain a formatted object, wherein the object comprises a plurality of elements, and wherein the formatted object is affected by at least one constraint, wherein the constraint is scaled by a first scaling factor to obtain a scaled constraint; wherein at least one of the elements is scaled by a second scaling factor to obtain a scaled element; wherein a layout structure is generated for the plurality of elements including the scaled element under consideration of the scaled constraint; and wherein the layout structure is scaled by a third scaling factor to obtain the formatted object.

Internal multi-band antenna with improved radiation efficiency

Abstract: A radio antenna including a first shorted patch having a first resonance frequency (GSM1800), a second shorted patch having a second resonance frequency (E-GSM) connected to the first shorted patch for sharing a feed point, and a third shorted patch having a third resonance frequency (GSM1900) located adjacent to the second shorted patch. The second shorted patch has an extended portion surrounding at least two sides of the first shorted patch, leaving a gap therebetween. The third shorted patch serves as a parasitic patch to increase the bandwidth of the second shorted patch. Part of the extended portion of the second shorted patch is extended beyond the top edge of the ground plane to which the patches are grounded.

Web Browsing on Mobile Phones: Characteristics of User Experience

Abstract: The increasing importance of the web in people’s daily life calls for device-independent access to existing web sites More than two billion people have a mobile phone today, and for many of them, a mobile phone may be the only way to connect to the web There is an order for full web access on mobile phones, but it faces several challenges and the user experience is often poor This dissertation has its focus in the area of human-computer interaction and user experience research The overall goal of the research has been to improve the end user experience when browsing the web with a mobile phone Previous research has identified that the user's internal state, context, and system affect the user experience, but product development needs a more concrete and comprehensive list of attributes To understand the user experience building blocks in the case of mobile browsing, we ran several usability studies with mobile web browsers in both a laboratory and a mobile context We also conducted 35 contextual inquiry interviews in Finland, United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom The studies revealed that mobile browsing user experience is affected by the user’s state, context, mobile device, browser application, network infrastructure, and web sites Identifying these characteristics composes the main contribution of this dissertation The mobile browser development activity at Nokia serves as a case study, in which we have considered the identified attributes and aimed to create a browser that fits well into the mobile context Our field study results and early feedback from the market have been encouraging, which shows that taking the user experience characteristics into account helps creating positive user experiences Finally, this dissertation adduces topics for future user experience research by discussing the difference between user experience and experience in general, the effects that pricing has on the user experience, and the role of a user’s expectations in evaluating the user experience