Institution
University of Groningen
Education•Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands•
About: University of Groningen is a education organization based out in Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 36346 authors who have published 69116 publications receiving 2940370 citations. The organization is also known as: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen & RUG.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Increasing NEAT may be an effective way to maintain DEE and combat overweight and obesity, and several lines of evidence demonstrate the important role of dopamine, in addition to other neural signaling networks, in the control of voluntary exercise.
Abstract: Mammals expend energy in many ways, including basic cellular maintenance and repair, digestion, thermoregulation, locomotion, growth and reproduction. These processes can vary tremendously among species and individuals, potentially leading to large variation in daily energy expenditure (DEE). Locomotor energy costs can be substantial for large-bodied species and those with high-activity lifestyles. For humans in industrialized societies, locomotion necessary for daily activities is often relatively low, so it has been presumed that activity energy expenditure and DEE are lower than in our ancestors. Whether this is true and has contributed to a rise in obesity is controversial. In humans, much attention has centered on spontaneous physical activity (SPA) or non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), the latter sometimes defined so broadly as to include all energy expended due to activity, exclusive of volitional exercise. Given that most people in Western societies engage in little voluntary exercise, increasing NEAT may be an effective way to maintain DEE and combat overweight and obesity. One way to promote NEAT is to decrease the amount of time spent on sedentary behaviours (e.g. watching television). The effects of voluntary exercise on other components of physical activity are highly variable in humans, partly as a function of age, and have rarely been studied in rodents. However, most rodent studies indicate that food consumption increases in the presence of wheels; therefore, other aspects of physical activity are not reduced enough to compensate for the energetic cost of wheel running. Most rodent studies also show negative effects of wheel access on body fat, especially in males. Sedentary behaviours per se have not been studied in rodents in relation to obesity. Several lines of evidence demonstrate the important role of dopamine, in addition to other neural signaling networks (e.g. the endocannabinoid system), in the control of voluntary exercise. A largely separate literature points to a key role for orexins in SPA and NEAT. Brain reward centers are involved in both types of physical activities and eating behaviours, likely leading to complex interactions. Moreover, voluntary exercise and, possibly, eating can be addictive. A growing body of research considers the relationships between personality traits and physical activity, appetite, obesity and other aspects of physical and mental health. Future studies should explore the neurobiology, endocrinology and genetics of physical activity and sedentary behaviour by examining key brain areas, neurotransmitters and hormones involved in motivation, reward and/or the regulation of energy balance.
404 citations
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Harvard University1, Johns Hopkins University2, University of Colorado Denver3, University of Colorado Boulder4, Nanyang Technological University5, University of Massachusetts Medical School6, University of Washington7, University of California, San Diego8, University of New Mexico9, University of Toronto10, University of Groningen11, Washington University in St. Louis12
TL;DR: In this article, the authors classified children with asthma according to four characteristic patterns of lung function growth and decline on the basis of graphs showing forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), representing spirometric measurements performed from childhood into adulthood.
Abstract: BackgroundTracking longitudinal measurements of growth and decline in lung function in patients with persistent childhood asthma may reveal links between asthma and subsequent chronic airflow obstruction. MethodsWe classified children with asthma according to four characteristic patterns of lung-function growth and decline on the basis of graphs showing forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), representing spirometric measurements performed from childhood into adulthood. Risk factors associated with abnormal patterns were also examined. To define normal values, we used FEV1 values from participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who did not have asthma. ResultsOf the 684 study participants, 170 (25%) had a normal pattern of lung-function growth without early decline, and 514 (75%) had abnormal patterns: 176 (26%) had reduced growth and an early decline, 160 (23%) had reduced growth only, and 178 (26%) had normal growth and an early decline. Lower baseline values for FEV1, smal...
404 citations
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RMIT University1, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich2, University of Edinburgh3, University of Padua4, Hannover Medical School5, University of Groningen6, Odense University Hospital7, Medical University of Vienna8, Copenhagen University Hospital9, St Mary's Hospital10, University of Southampton11, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust12, University of Amsterdam13, Brigham and Women's Hospital14
TL;DR: While the incidence of FA appeared stable over time, there was some evidence that the prevalence may be increasing, and sex, age, country of residence, familial atopic history, and the presence of other allergic diseases seem to be important.
Abstract: Food allergy (FA) is an important atopic disease although its precise burden is unclear. This systematic review aimed to provide recent, up-to-date data on the incidence, prevalence, time trends, and risk and prognostic factors for FA in Europe. We searched four electronic databases, covering studies published from 1 January 2000 to 30 September 2012. Two independent reviewers appraised the studies and qualified the risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Seventy-five eligible articles (comprising 56 primary studies) were included in a narrative synthesis, and 30 studies in a random-effects meta-analysis. Most of the studies were graded as at moderate risk of bias. The pooled lifetime and point prevalence of self-reported FA were 17.3% (95% CI: 17.0–17.6) and 5.9% (95% CI: 5.7–6.1), respectively. The point prevalence of sensitization to ≥1 food as assessed by specific IgE was 10.1% (95% CI: 9.4–10.8) and skin prick test 2.7% (95% CI: 2.4–3.0), food challenge positivity 0.9% (95% CI: 0.8–1.1). While the incidence of FA appeared stable over time, there was some evidence that the prevalence may be increasing. There were no consistent risk or prognostic factors for the development or resolution of FA identified, but sex, age, country of residence, familial atopic history, and the presence of other allergic diseases seem to be important. Food allergy is a significant clinical problem in Europe. The evidence base in this area would benefit from additional studies using standardized, rigorous methodology; data are particularly required from Eastern and Southern Europe.
404 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, international segmentation has become an ever more important issue in developing, positioning, and selling products across national borders, with increasing competition in the global marketplace, and the importance of cross-border segmentation is highlighted.
Abstract: With increasing competition in the global marketplace, international segmentation has become an ever more important issue in developing, positioning, and selling products across national borders. T...
404 citations
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King's College London1, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center2, Pasteur Institute3, Monell Chemical Senses Center4, Oregon Health & Science University5, University of Colorado Boulder6, Drexel University7, Pennsylvania State University8, Wadsworth Center9, Leibniz Association10, Health Canada11, University of Tennessee Health Science Center12, Washington University in St. Louis13, University of Memphis14, University of Massachusetts Medical School15, Hebrew University of Jerusalem16, University of Groningen17, Roswell Park Cancer Institute18, Purdue University19, University of California, Davis20, University of Oxford21, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center22, International Livestock Research Institute23, Max Planck Society24, University of Alabama at Birmingham25, National Institutes of Health26, Charité27, RWTH Aachen University28, University of California, Los Angeles29, McGill University30, Royal Melbourne Hospital31, Rutgers University32, Stanford University33, Columbia University34, Princeton University35, University of Nebraska–Lincoln36, Harvard University37, University of Toronto38, Vanderbilt University39, Northwestern University40, Shriners Hospitals for Children41, University of Colorado Denver42, Thomas Jefferson University43, University of Vermont44, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill45, Southern Illinois University Carbondale46, Medical Research Council47, New York University48, University of Kentucky49
TL;DR: This white paper by eighty members of the Complex Trait Consortium presents a community's view on the approaches and statistical analyses that are needed for the identification of genetic loci that determine quantitative traits.
Abstract: This white paper by eighty members of the Complex Trait Consortium presents a community's view on the approaches and statistical analyses that are needed for the identification of genetic loci that determine quantitative traits. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can be identified in several ways, but is there a definitive test of whether a candidate locus actually corresponds to a specific QTL?
404 citations
Authors
Showing all 36692 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ronald C. Kessler | 274 | 1332 | 328983 |
Nicholas J. Wareham | 212 | 1657 | 204896 |
André G. Uitterlinden | 199 | 1229 | 156747 |
Lei Jiang | 170 | 2244 | 135205 |
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx | 170 | 1139 | 119082 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Panos Deloukas | 162 | 410 | 154018 |
Jerome I. Rotter | 156 | 1071 | 116296 |
Christopher M. Dobson | 150 | 1008 | 105475 |
Dirk Inzé | 149 | 647 | 74468 |
Scott T. Weiss | 147 | 1025 | 74742 |
Dieter Lutz | 139 | 671 | 67414 |
Wilmar B. Schaufeli | 137 | 513 | 95718 |
Cisca Wijmenga | 136 | 668 | 86572 |
Arnold B. Bakker | 135 | 506 | 103778 |