Washington State University

About: Washington State University is a education organization based out in Pullman, Washington, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 26947 authors who have published 57736 publications receiving 2341509 citations. The organization is also known as: WSU & Wazzu.

Efficient interference-aware TDMA link scheduling for static wireless networks

Abstract: We study efficient link scheduling for a multihop wireless network to maximize its throughput. Efficient link scheduling can greatly reduce the interference effect of close-by transmissions. Unlike the previous studies that often assume a unit disk graph model, we assume that different terminals could have different transmission ranges and different interference ranges. In our model, it is also possible that a communication link may not exist due to barriers or is not used by a predetermined routing protocol, while the transmission of a node always result interference to all non-intended receivers within its interference range. Using a mathematical formulation, we develop synchronized TDMA link schedulings that optimize the networking throughput. Specifically, by assuming known link capacities and link traffic loads, we study link scheduling under the RTS/CTS interference model and the protocol interference model with fixed transmission power. For both models, we present both efficient centralized and distributed algorithms that use time slots within a constant factor of the optimum. We also present efficient distributed algorithms whose performances are still comparable with optimum, but with much less communications. Our theoretical results are corroborated by extensive simulation studies.

Conserved role of SIRT1 orthologs in fasting-dependent inhibition of the lipid/cholesterol regulator SREBP

Abstract: The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) transcription factor family is a critical regulator of lipid and sterol homeostasis in eukaryotes. In mammals, SREBPs are highly active in the fed state to promote the expression of lipogenic and cholesterogenic genes and facilitate fat storage. During fasting, SREBP-dependent lipid/cholesterol synthesis is rapidly diminished in the mouse liver; however, the mechanism has remained incompletely understood. Moreover, the evolutionary conservation of fasting regulation of SREBP-dependent programs of gene expression and control of lipid homeostasis has been unclear. We demonstrate here a conserved role for orthologs of the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 in metazoans in down-regulation of SREBP orthologs during fasting, resulting in inhibition of lipid synthesis and fat storage. Our data reveal that SIRT1 can directly deacetylate SREBP, and modulation of SIRT1 activity results in changes in SREBP ubiquitination, protein stability, and target gene expression. In addition, chemical activators of SIRT1 inhibit SREBP target gene expression in vitro and in vivo, correlating with decreased hepatic lipid and cholesterol levels and attenuated liver steatosis in diet-induced and genetically obese mice. We conclude that SIRT1 orthologs play a critical role in controlling SREBP-dependent gene regulation governing lipid/cholesterol homeostasis in metazoans in response to fasting cues. These findings may have important biomedical implications for the treatment of metabolic disorders associated with aberrant lipid/cholesterol homeostasis, including metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis.

Behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute and daily cocaine administration in rats.

Abstract: Daily cocaine injection into rodents produces a progressive increase in the motor stimulant effect of acute cocaine administration. In this study it was found that daily cocaine injection (15 mg/kg i.p. x 3 days) produced an enhanced motor stimulant response to acute cocaine injection. The behavioral augmentation was linear with regards to dose in horizontal activity and behavioral intensity rating, but was biphasic in vertical activity. Augmented vertical, but not horizontal, activity in response to acute cocaine was found to persist for 2 weeks after the last daily injection of cocaine. Acute injection of cocaine was found to significantly decrease the level of dopamine (DA) metabolites in the nucleus accumbens, striatum and A10 DA region. In rats pretreated with daily injections of cocaine (15 mg/kg i.p. x 3 days), an acute challenge of cocaine 14 days after the last daily injection produced a more consistent decrease in DA metabolites in the nucleus accumbens, striatum and prefrontal cortex compared to daily saline-pretreated rats. In contrast, daily cocaine treatment abolished the decrease in DA metabolites produced in the A10 region by an acute cocaine challenge. Acute injection with cocaine was found to significantly depress dopa accumulation in the A10 region, nucleus accumbens and striatum. This effect was abolished in the A10 region in rats pretreated 14 days previously with daily injections of cocaine (7.5, 15.0 or 30 mg/kg i.p. x 3 days), but remained intact in the nucleus accumbens and striatum, except after daily pretreatment with the highest dose of cocaine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Characterization of transient noise in Advanced LIGO relevant to gravitational wave signal GW150914

Abstract: On 14 September 2015, a gravitational wave signal from a coalescing black hole binary system was observed by the Advanced LIGO detectors. This paper describes the transient noise backgrounds used to determine the significance of the event (designated GW150914) and presents the results of investigations into potential correlated or uncorrelated sources of transient noise in the detectors around the time of the event. The detectors were operating nominally at the time of GW150914. We have ruled out environmental influences and non-Gaussian instrument noise at either LIGO detector as the cause of the observed gravitational wave signal.