Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long-Term (1951–2007) Rainfall Trends around Six Indian Cities: Current State, Meteorological, and Urban Dynamics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on analyzing the precipitation trends over six Indian cities during the summer monsoon (June-September) covering the period 1951-2007 and also attempted to investigate possible urban forcing and dynamics by examining the variation in precipitation in the upwind and downwind directions.
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Impact of Biomass Burning Aerosols on the Diurnal Cycle of Convective Clouds and Precipitation Over a Tropical Island
Alma Hodzic,Jean-Philippe Duvel +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a coupled weather-aerosol model is used to study the effect of biomass burning aerosols on deep convection over Borneo Island and surrounding oceans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regional characteristics of long‐term changes in total and extreme precipitations over China and their links to atmospheric–oceanic features
Fang Wang,Song Yang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the regional features of long-term changes in total and extreme precipitations over eight China domains and their seasonality and relationships with large-scale and local atmospheric and oceanic factors are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiative effects of interannually varying vs. interannually invariant aerosol emissions from fires
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the effect of open-burning fires on the hydrological fast response using the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) and find that ignoring the interannual variability of the emissions can lead to systematic overestimation of the strength of the net radiative effect of the fire aerosols.
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Time dependent charging of layer clouds in the global electric circuit
TL;DR: In this article, a new time-dependent charging model has been developed to evaluate the effect of the ionosphere-earth current density (J z ) in the global electric circuit, which is modulated by both solar activity and thunderstorm activity, on atmospheric dynamics and cloud cover.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more