Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Sensitivity of Hurricane Irene to Aerosols and Ocean Coupling: Simulations with WRF Spectral Bin Microphysics
Barry Lynn,Alexander Khain,Jian Wen Bao,Sara A. Michelson,Tianle Yuan,Guy Kelman,Daniel Rosenfeld,Jacob Shpund,Nir Benmoshe +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the possible reasons for Hurricane Irene's weakening and the time shift between maximum wind and minimum central pressure in simulations using spectral bin microphysics (WRF-SBM) with 1-km grid spacing and ocean coupling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative and time-resolved nanoparticle composition measurements during new particle formation
Bryan R. Bzdek,Andrew J. Horan,M. Ross Pennington,Joseph W. DePalma,Jun Zhao,Coty N. Jen,David R. Hanson,James N. Smith,Peter H. McMurry,Murray V. Johnston +9 more
TL;DR: The chemical composition of 20 nm diameter particles was measured with the Nano Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (NAMS) in a rural/coastal environment during days when new particle formation occurred and days when NPF did not occur to show that nanoparticle chemical composition is dynamic on both types of days and that changes in nanoparticles chemical composition do not necessarily correlate with changes in aerosol mass or number concentration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do Ultrafine Cloud Condensation Nuclei Invigorate Deep Convection
TL;DR: In this article, numerical simulations of the impact of ultrafine cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) on deep convection are analyzed to investigate the idea proposed by Fan et al. (Science 2018) that addition of CCN can improve the performance of convection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of mineral dust on the vertical structure of precipitation
Rui Li,Qilong Min +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the characteristics of precipitation vertical structure in deep convective cloud systems using measurements from sensors on board multiple satellites over the equatorial Atlantic under dust-laden and dust-free conditions.
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Aerosol–Cloud Interaction in Deep Convective Clouds over the Indian Peninsula Using Spectral (Bin) Microphysics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared simulated cloud microphysical structure with in situ aircraft observations from the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX).
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more