Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lightning ground flash patterns over Paris area between 1992 and 2003: Influence of pollution?
Sylvain Coquillat,Sylvain Coquillat,Marie-Pierre Boussaton,Marie-Pierre Boussaton,Magalie Buguet,Magalie Buguet,Dominique Lambert,Dominique Lambert,Jean-François Ribaud,Jean-François Ribaud,Andy Berthelot,Andy Berthelot +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed 12 summers of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes data over a 200 km-×-200 km domain centered on Paris (France) to infer the possible influence of pollution on lightning activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of the Manaus pollution plume on the microphysical properties of Amazonian warm-phase clouds in the wet season
Micael A. Cecchini,Luiz A. T. Machado,Jennifer M. Comstock,Fan Mei,Jian Wang,Jiwen Fan,Jason Tomlinson,Beat Schmid,Rachel I. Albrecht,Scot T. Martin,Paulo Artaxo +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of pollution on the microphysical properties of warm-phase clouds was investigated by analysing observations of the interactions between the Manaus pollution plume and its surroundings, as part of the GoAmazon2014/5 Experiment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inertial Effects on the Vertical Transport of Suspended Particles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
David Richter,Marcelo Chamecki +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, direct numerical simulations are conducted of turbulent open-channel flow, laden with Lagrangian particles of specified inertia; in this way, the authors focus on the turbulent transport which occurs in the lowest few meters of the planetary boundary layer, in regions critical for connecting emission fluxes to the fluxes felt by the full-scale boundary layer.
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Efflorescence upon humidification? X-ray microspectroscopic in-situ observation of changes in aerosol microstructure and phase state upon hydration
Christopher Pöhlker,Jorge Saturno,M. L. Krüger,Jan-David Förster,Markus Weigand,Kenia Teodoro Wiedemann,Kenia Teodoro Wiedemann,Kenia Teodoro Wiedemann,Michael Bechtel,Paulo Artaxo,Meinrat O. Andreae +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied X-ray microspectroscopy under variable RH conditions to internally mixed aerosol particles from the Amazonian rain forest collected during periods with anthropogenic pollution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection and variability of combustion-derived vapor in an urban basin
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between the d-excess of atmospheric vapor, ambient CO2 concentrations, and atmospheric stability across four winters in Salt Lake City, Utah.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more