Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
Citations
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Variable Raindrop Size Distributions in Different Rainbands Associated With Typhoon Fitow (2013)
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Effect of particle surface area on ice active site densities retrieved fromdroplet freezing spectra
TL;DR: In this article, an ice active, surface-site-based stochastic model of heterogeneous freezing with the unique feature of invoking a continuum assumption on the ice nucleating activity (contact angle) of an aerosol particle's surface is proposed.
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Validating Measures of Algebra Teacher Subject Matter Knowledge and Pedagogical Content Knowledge
TL;DR: In this article, the authors validate inferences about scores of one task designed to measure subject matter knowledge and three tasks designed to measuring aspects of pedagogical content knowledge based on four groups of participants including 46 experienced algebra teachers (2+ years experience), 17 novices, 10 teaching experts and 13 subject matter experts.
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Circulation responses to regional aerosol climate forcing in summer over East Asia
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed CESM simulated circulation changes related to the ‘north drought and south flood’ pattern caused by aerosol increases between two cases, one case was driven by the year-1850 global emission inventory, whereas the other used identical emissions for all regions except East Asia where anthropogenic emissions of aerosols and precursors of the year 2000 were imposed.
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Long-term measurements of aerosol optical and physical properties over the Eastern Mediterranean: Hygroscopic nature and source regions
Ersin Tutsak,Mustafa Koçak +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the AERONET ground-based sun sky radiometer located at the rural coastal Erdemli (36.6°N, 34.3°E) site in the Eastern Mediterranean from January 2000 to December 2014.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more