Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
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Temperature, extreme precipitation, and diurnal rainfall changes in the urbanized Jakarta city during the past 130 years
Siswanto Siswanto,Geert Jan van Oldenborgh,Gerard van der Schrier,Rudmer Jilderda,Bart van den Hurk,Bart van den Hurk +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, trends and variability in temperature, extreme precipitation, and changes in the diurnal cycle over Jakarta have been analyzed using a newly available 134-years long record of daily and 114-years hourly observations at Jakarta observatory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of Microphysics Parameterization for Convective Clouds in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model CAM5
TL;DR: A physically based two-moment microphysics parameterization scheme for convective clouds is implemented in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) to improve the representation of convective cloud and their interaction with large-scale clouds and aerosols as mentioned in this paper.
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Contributions of natural climate changes and human activities to the trend of extreme precipitation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the analysis of the nonstationarity characteristics of extreme precipitation and their attributions in the southeastern coastal region of China and extracted the maximum daily precipitation (MDP) series from observations at 79 meteorological stations in the study area during the first flood season (April-June) from 1960 to 2012.
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Toward understanding the process-level impacts of aerosols on microphysical properties of shallow cumulus cloud using aircraft observations
Yang Yang,Chuanfeng Zhao,Xiaobo Dong,Genchang Fan,Yuquan Zhou,Yang Wang,Lijun Zhao,Feng Lv,Fei Yan +8 more
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the variation of cloud droplet size distribution with aerosol concentration and vertical velocity (VV) in a shallow cumulus cloud with sufficient liquid water content (LWC).
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Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the drivers and physical processes for the abrupt decadal summer surface warming and increases in hot temperature extremes that occurred over Northeast Asia in the mid-1990s.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more